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SpringCloud--分布式配置中心(Spring Cloud Config)

一、简介

在分布式系统中，spring cloud config 提供一个服务端和客户端去提供可扩展的配置服务。我们可用用配置服务中心区集中的管理所有的服务的各种环境配置文件。配置服务中心采用Git的方式存储配置文件，因此我们很容易部署修改，有助于对环境配置进行版本管理。

二、构建Config Server

创建一个spring-boot项目，取名为config-server,其pom.xml:
```<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
xsi:schemaLocation="https://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
4.0.0

<groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
<artifactId>config-server</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>

<name>config-server</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
    <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>Camden.SR6</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>


<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

<repositories>
    <repository>
        <id>spring-milestones</id>
        <name>Spring Milestones</name>
        <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
        <snapshots>
            <enabled>false</enabled>
        </snapshots>
    </repository>
</repositories>


在程序的入口Application类加上@EnableConfigServer注解开启配置服务器。

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigServer
public class ConfigServerApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication.class, args);
}

}

需要在配置中心配置下：

spring.application.name=config-server
server.port=8888

spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri=https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig/
spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths=respo
spring.cloud.config.label=master
spring.cloud.config.server.git.username=your username
spring.cloud.config.server.git.password=your password

         spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri：配置git仓库地址
         spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths：配置仓库路径
         spring.cloud.config.label：配置仓库的分支
         spring.cloud.config.server.git.username：访问git仓库的用户名
         spring.cloud.config.server.git.password：访问git仓库的用户密码

远程仓库https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig/ 中又个文件config-client-dev.properties文件中有一个属性：

foo = foo version 3

启动程序：访问https://localhost:8888/foo/dev

```{"name":"foo","profiles":["dev"],"label":"master",
"version":"792ffc77c03f4b138d28e89b576900ac5e01a44b","state":null,"propertySources":[]}

证明配置服务中心可以从远程程序获取配置信息。

http请求地址和资源文件映射如下:

    /{application}/{profile}[/{label}]
    /{application}-{profile}.yml
    /{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml
    /{application}-{profile}.properties
    /{label}/{application}-{profile}.properties

三、构建一个config client

重新创建一个springboot项目，取名为config-client,其pom文件：
```<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
xsi:schemaLocation="https://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
4.0.0

<groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
<artifactId>config-client</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>

<name>config-client</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
    <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>Dalston.RC1</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

<repositories>
    <repository>
        <id>spring-milestones</id>
        <name>Spring Milestones</name>
        <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
        <snapshots>
            <enabled>false</enabled>
        </snapshots>
    </repository>
</repositories>



其配置文件：
```spring.application.name=config-client
spring.cloud.config.label=master
spring.cloud.config.profile=dev
spring.cloud.config.uri= https://localhost:8888/
server.port=8881

 spring.cloud.config.label 指明远程仓库的分支
 spring.cloud.config.profile

      dev开发环境配置文件
      test测试环境
      pro正式环境
 spring.cloud.config.uri= https://localhost:8888/ 指明配置服务中心的网址。

程序的入口类：

@RestController
public class ConfigClientApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Value("${foo}")
    String foo;
    @RequestMapping(value = "/hi")
    public String hi(){
        return foo;
    }
}

打开网址访问：https://localhost:8881/hi，网页显示：

foo version 3

这就说明，config-client从config-server获取了foo的属性，而config-server是从git仓库读取的,如图：

本文源码下载：
https://github.com/forezp/SpringCloudLearning/tree/master/chapter6

最后更新：2017-08-13 22:26:50

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