android多線程下載3
今天跟大家一起分享下android開發中比較難的一個環節,可能很多人看到這個標題就會感覺頭很大,的確如果沒有良好的編碼能力和邏輯思維,這塊是很難搞明白的,前麵2次總結中已經為大家分享過有關技術的一些基本要領,我們先一起簡單回顧下它的基本原理。
https://blog.csdn.net/shimiso/article/details/6763664 android 多線程斷點續傳下載 一
https://blog.csdn.net/shimiso/article/details/6763986 android 多線程斷點續傳下載 二
什麼是多線程下載?
多線程下載其實就是迅雷,BT一些下載原理,通過多個線程同時和服務器連接,那麼你就可以榨取到較高的帶寬了,大致做法是將文件切割成N塊,每塊交給單獨一個線程去下載,各自下載完成後將文件塊組合成一個文件,程序上要完成做切割和組裝的小算法
什麼是斷點續傳?
斷點續傳,就是當我們下載未結束時候,退出保存下載進度,當下次打開繼續下載的時接著上次的進度繼續下載,不用每次下載都重新開始,那麼有關斷點續傳的原理和實現手段,可參考我以前的一篇總結https://blog.csdn.net/shimiso/article/details/5956314 裏麵詳細講解http協議斷點續傳的原理,務必要看懂,否則你無法真正理解本節代碼
怎麼完成多線程斷點續傳?
將兩者合二為一需要程序記住每個文件塊的下載進度,並保存入庫,當下載程序啟動時候你需要判斷程序是否已經下載過該文件,並取出各個文件塊的保存記錄,換算出下載進度繼續下載,在這裏你需要掌握java多線程的基本知識,handler的使用,以及集合,算法,文件操作等基本技能,同時還要解決sqlite數據庫的同步問題,因為它是不太怎麼支持多線程操作的,控製不好經常會出現庫被鎖定的異常,同時在android2.3以後就不能activity中直接操作http,否則你將收到係統送上的NetworkOnMainThreadException異常,在UI體驗上一定記住要使用異步完成,既然大致思路已經清楚,下麵我們開始分析程序:
- package cn.demo.DBHelper;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
- import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
- /**
- * 建立一個數據庫幫助類
- */
- public class DBHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
- //download.db-->數據庫名
- public DBHelper(Context context) {
- super(context, "download.db", null, 1);
- }
- /**
- * 在download.db數據庫下創建一個download_info表存儲下載信息
- */
- @Override
- public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
- db.execSQL("create table download_info(_id integer PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, thread_id integer, "
- + "start_pos integer, end_pos integer, compelete_size integer,url char)");
- }
- @Override
- public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
- }
- }
數據庫操作要借助單例和同步,來保證線程的執行順序,以免多個線程爭相搶用sqlite資源導致異常出現
- package cn.demo.Dao;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.List;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.database.Cursor;
- import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
- import cn.demo.DBHelper.DBHelper;
- import cn.demo.entity.DownloadInfo;
- /**
- *
- * 一個業務類
- */
- public class Dao {
- private static Dao dao=null;
- private Context context;
- private Dao(Context context) {
- this.context=context;
- }
- public static Dao getInstance(Context context){
- if(dao==null){
- dao=new Dao(context);
- }
- return dao;
- }
- public SQLiteDatabase getConnection() {
- SQLiteDatabase sqliteDatabase = null;
- try {
- sqliteDatabase= new DBHelper(context).getReadableDatabase();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- }
- return sqliteDatabase;
- }
- /**
- * 查看數據庫中是否有數據
- */
- public synchronized boolean isHasInfors(String urlstr) {
- SQLiteDatabase database = getConnection();
- int count = -1;
- Cursor cursor = null;
- try {
- String sql = "select count(*) from download_info where url=?";
- cursor = database.rawQuery(sql, new String[] { urlstr });
- if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
- count = cursor.getInt(0);
- }
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } finally {
- if (null != database) {
- database.close();
- }
- if (null != cursor) {
- cursor.close();
- }
- }
- return count == 0;
- }
- /**
- * 保存 下載的具體信息
- */
- public synchronized void saveInfos(List<DownloadInfo> infos) {
- SQLiteDatabase database = getConnection();
- try {
- for (DownloadInfo info : infos) {
- String sql = "insert into download_info(thread_id,start_pos, end_pos,compelete_size,url) values (?,?,?,?,?)";
- Object[] bindArgs = { info.getThreadId(), info.getStartPos(),
- info.getEndPos(), info.getCompeleteSize(),
- info.getUrl() };
- database.execSQL(sql, bindArgs);
- }
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } finally {
- if (null != database) {
- database.close();
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * 得到下載具體信息
- */
- public synchronized List<DownloadInfo> getInfos(String urlstr) {
- List<DownloadInfo> list = new ArrayList<DownloadInfo>();
- SQLiteDatabase database = getConnection();
- Cursor cursor = null;
- try {
- String sql = "select thread_id, start_pos, end_pos,compelete_size,url from download_info where url=?";
- cursor = database.rawQuery(sql, new String[] { urlstr });
- while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
- DownloadInfo info = new DownloadInfo(cursor.getInt(0),
- cursor.getInt(1), cursor.getInt(2), cursor.getInt(3),
- cursor.getString(4));
- list.add(info);
- }
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } finally {
- if (null != database) {
- database.close();
- }
- if (null != cursor) {
- cursor.close();
- }
- }
- return list;
- }
- /**
- * 更新數據庫中的下載信息
- */
- public synchronized void updataInfos(int threadId, int compeleteSize, String urlstr) {
- SQLiteDatabase database = getConnection();
- try {
- String sql = "update download_info set compelete_size=? where thread_id=? and url=?";
- Object[] bindArgs = { compeleteSize, threadId, urlstr };
- database.execSQL(sql, bindArgs);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } finally {
- if (null != database) {
- database.close();
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * 下載完成後刪除數據庫中的數據
- */
- public synchronized void delete(String url) {
- SQLiteDatabase database = getConnection();
- try {
- database.delete("download_info", "url=?", new String[] { url });
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } finally {
- if (null != database) {
- database.close();
- }
- }
- }
- }
- package cn.demo.download;
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.Map;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.view.LayoutInflater;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
- import android.view.ViewGroup;
- import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
- import android.widget.Button;
- import android.widget.TextView;
- public class DownLoadAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
- private LayoutInflater mInflater;
- private List<Map<String, String>> data;
- private Context context;
- private OnClickListener click;
- public DownLoadAdapter(Context context,List<Map<String, String>> data) {
- this.context=context;
- mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
- this.data=data;
- }
- public void refresh(List<Map<String, String>> data) {
- this.data=data;
- this.notifyDataSetChanged();
- }
- public void setOnclick(OnClickListener click) {
- this.click=click;
- }
- @Override
- public int getCount() {
- return data.size();
- }
- @Override
- public Object getItem(int position) {
- return data.get(position);
- }
- @Override
- public long getItemId(int position) {
- return position;
- }
- @Override
- public View getView(final int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
- final Map<String, String> bean=data.get(position);
- ViewHolder holder = null;
- if (convertView == null) {
- convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_item, null);
- holder = new ViewHolder();
- holder.resouceName=(TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_resouce_name);
- holder.startDownload=(Button) convertView.findViewById(R.id.btn_start);
- holder.pauseDownload=(Button) convertView.findViewById(R.id.btn_pause);
- convertView.setTag(holder);
- } else {
- holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
- }
- holder.resouceName.setText(bean.get("name"));
- return convertView;
- }
- public OnClickListener getClick() {
- return click;
- }
- public void setClick(OnClickListener click) {
- this.click = click;
- }
- private class ViewHolder {
- public TextView resouceName;
- public Button startDownload;
- public Button pauseDownload;
- }
- }
注意子線程不要影響主UI線程,靈活運用task和handler,各取所長,保證用戶體驗,handler通常在主線程中有利於專門負責處理UI的一些工作
- package cn.demo.download;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.Map;
- import android.app.ListActivity;
- import android.os.AsyncTask;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.os.Handler;
- import android.os.Message;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.widget.Button;
- import android.widget.LinearLayout;
- import android.widget.LinearLayout.LayoutParams;
- import android.widget.ProgressBar;
- import android.widget.TextView;
- import android.widget.Toast;
- import cn.demo.entity.LoadInfo;
- import cn.demo.service.Downloader;
- public class MainActivity extends ListActivity {
- // 固定下載的資源路徑,這裏可以設置網絡上的地址
- private static final String URL = "https://download.haozip.com/";
- // 固定存放下載的音樂的路徑:SD卡目錄下
- private static final String SD_PATH = "/mnt/sdcard/";
- // 存放各個下載器
- private Map<String, Downloader> downloaders = new HashMap<String, Downloader>();
- // 存放與下載器對應的進度條
- private Map<String, ProgressBar> ProgressBars = new HashMap<String, ProgressBar>();
- /**
- * 利用消息處理機製適時更新進度條
- */
- private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
- public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
- if (msg.what == 1) {
- String url = (String) msg.obj;
- int length = msg.arg1;
- ProgressBar bar = ProgressBars.get(url);
- if (bar != null) {
- // 設置進度條按讀取的length長度更新
- bar.incrementProgressBy(length);
- if (bar.getProgress() == bar.getMax()) {
- LinearLayout layout = (LinearLayout) bar.getParent();
- TextView resouceName=(TextView)layout.findViewById(R.id.tv_resouce_name);
- Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "["+resouceName.getText()+"]下載完成!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
- // 下載完成後清除進度條並將map中的數據清空
- layout.removeView(bar);
- ProgressBars.remove(url);
- downloaders.get(url).delete(url);
- downloaders.get(url).reset();
- downloaders.remove(url);
- Button btn_start=(Button)layout.findViewById(R.id.btn_start);
- Button btn_pause=(Button)layout.findViewById(R.id.btn_pause);
- btn_pause.setVisibility(View.GONE);
- btn_start.setVisibility(View.GONE);
- }
- }
- }
- }
- };
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.main);
- showListView();
- }
- // 顯示listView,這裏可以隨便添加
- private void showListView() {
- List<Map<String, String>> data = new ArrayList<Map<String, String>>();
- Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
- map.put("name", "haozip_v3.1.exe");
- data.add(map);
- map = new HashMap<String, String>();
- map.put("name", "haozip_v3.1_hj.exe");
- data.add(map);
- map = new HashMap<String, String>();
- map.put("name", "haozip_v2.8_x64_tiny.exe");
- data.add(map);
- map = new HashMap<String, String>();
- map.put("name", "haozip_v2.8_tiny.exe");
- data.add(map);
- DownLoadAdapter adapter=new DownLoadAdapter(this,data);
- setListAdapter(adapter);
- }
- /**
- * 響應開始下載按鈕的點擊事件
- */
- public void startDownload(View v) {
- // 得到textView的內容
- LinearLayout layout = (LinearLayout) v.getParent();
- String resouceName = ((TextView) layout.findViewById(R.id.tv_resouce_name)).getText().toString();
- String urlstr = URL + resouceName;
- String localfile = SD_PATH + resouceName;
- //設置下載線程數為4,這裏是我為了方便隨便固定的
- String threadcount = "4";
- DownloadTask downloadTask=new DownloadTask(v);
- downloadTask.execute(urlstr,localfile,threadcount);
- };
- class DownloadTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, LoadInfo>{
- Downloader downloader=null;
- View v=null;
- String urlstr=null;
- public DownloadTask(final View v){
- this.v=v;
- }
- @Override
- protected void onPreExecute() {
- Button btn_start=(Button)((View)v.getParent()).findViewById(R.id.btn_start);
- Button btn_pause=(Button)((View)v.getParent()).findViewById(R.id.btn_pause);
- btn_start.setVisibility(View.GONE);
- btn_pause.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
- }
- @Override
- protected LoadInfo doInBackground(String... params) {
- urlstr=params[0];
- String localfile=params[1];
- int threadcount=Integer.parseInt(params[2]);
- // 初始化一個downloader下載器
- downloader = downloaders.get(urlstr);
- if (downloader == null) {
- downloader = new Downloader(urlstr, localfile, threadcount, MainActivity.this, mHandler);
- downloaders.put(urlstr, downloader);
- }
- if (downloader.isdownloading())
- return null;
- // 得到下載信息類的個數組成集合
- return downloader.getDownloaderInfors();
- }
- @Override
- protected void onPostExecute(LoadInfo loadInfo) {
- if(loadInfo!=null){
- // 顯示進度條
- showProgress(loadInfo, urlstr, v);
- // 調用方法開始下載
- downloader.download();
- }
- }
- };
- /**
- * 顯示進度條
- */
- private void showProgress(LoadInfo loadInfo, String url, View v) {
- ProgressBar bar = ProgressBars.get(url);
- if (bar == null) {
- bar = new ProgressBar(this, null, android.R.attr.progressBarStyleHorizontal);
- bar.setMax(loadInfo.getFileSize());
- bar.setProgress(loadInfo.getComplete());
- ProgressBars.put(url, bar);
- LinearLayout.LayoutParams params = new LayoutParams(LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, 5);
- ((LinearLayout) ((LinearLayout) v.getParent()).getParent()).addView(bar, params);
- }
- }
- /**
- * 響應暫停下載按鈕的點擊事件
- */
- public void pauseDownload(View v) {
- LinearLayout layout = (LinearLayout) v.getParent();
- String resouceName = ((TextView) layout.findViewById(R.id.tv_resouce_name)).getText().toString();
- String urlstr = URL + resouceName;
- downloaders.get(urlstr).pause();
- Button btn_start=(Button)((View)v.getParent()).findViewById(R.id.btn_start);
- Button btn_pause=(Button)((View)v.getParent()).findViewById(R.id.btn_pause);
- btn_pause.setVisibility(View.GONE);
- btn_start.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
- }
- }
- package cn.demo.entity;
- /**
- *創建一個下載信息的實體類
- */
- public class DownloadInfo {
- private int threadId;//下載器id
- private int startPos;//開始點
- private int endPos;//結束點
- private int compeleteSize;//完成度
- private String url;//下載器網絡標識
- public DownloadInfo(int threadId, int startPos, int endPos,
- int compeleteSize,String url) {
- this.threadId = threadId;
- this.startPos = startPos;
- this.endPos = endPos;
- this.compeleteSize = compeleteSize;
- this.url=url;
- }
- public DownloadInfo() {
- }
- public String getUrl() {
- return url;
- }
- public void setUrl(String url) {
- this.url = url;
- }
- public int getThreadId() {
- return threadId;
- }
- public void setThreadId(int threadId) {
- this.threadId = threadId;
- }
- public int getStartPos() {
- return startPos;
- }
- public void setStartPos(int startPos) {
- this.startPos = startPos;
- }
- public int getEndPos() {
- return endPos;
- }
- public void setEndPos(int endPos) {
- this.endPos = endPos;
- }
- public int getCompeleteSize() {
- return compeleteSize;
- }
- public void setCompeleteSize(int compeleteSize) {
- this.compeleteSize = compeleteSize;
- }
- @Override
- public String toString() {
- return "DownloadInfo [threadId=" + threadId
- + ", startPos=" + startPos + ", endPos=" + endPos
- + ", compeleteSize=" + compeleteSize +"]";
- }
- }
- package cn.demo.entity;
- /**
- *自定義的一個記載下載器詳細信息的類
- */
- public class LoadInfo {
- public int fileSize;//文件大小
- private int complete;//完成度
- private String urlstring;//下載器標識
- public LoadInfo(int fileSize, int complete, String urlstring) {
- this.fileSize = fileSize;
- this.complete = complete;
- this.urlstring = urlstring;
- }
- public LoadInfo() {
- }
- public int getFileSize() {
- return fileSize;
- }
- public void setFileSize(int fileSize) {
- this.fileSize = fileSize;
- }
- public int getComplete() {
- return complete;
- }
- public void setComplete(int complete) {
- this.complete = complete;
- }
- public String getUrlstring() {
- return urlstring;
- }
- public void setUrlstring(String urlstring) {
- this.urlstring = urlstring;
- }
- @Override
- public String toString() {
- return "LoadInfo [fileSize=" + fileSize + ", complete=" + complete
- + ", urlstring=" + urlstring + "]";
- }
- }
這是一個核心類,專門用來處理下載的
- package cn.demo.service;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
- import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
- import java.net.URL;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.List;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.os.AsyncTask;
- import android.os.Handler;
- import android.os.Message;
- import android.util.Log;
- import cn.demo.Dao.Dao;
- import cn.demo.entity.DownloadInfo;
- import cn.demo.entity.LoadInfo;
- public class Downloader {
- private String urlstr;// 下載的地址
- private String localfile;// 保存路徑
- private int threadcount;// 線程數
- private Handler mHandler;// 消息處理器
- private int fileSize;// 所要下載的文件的大小
- private Context context;
- private List<DownloadInfo> infos;// 存放下載信息類的集合
- private static final int INIT = 1;//定義三種下載的狀態:初始化狀態,正在下載狀態,暫停狀態
- private static final int DOWNLOADING = 2;
- private static final int PAUSE = 3;
- private int state = INIT;
- public Downloader(String urlstr, String localfile, int threadcount,
- Context context, Handler mHandler) {
- this.urlstr = urlstr;
- this.localfile = localfile;
- this.threadcount = threadcount;
- this.mHandler = mHandler;
- this.context = context;
- }
- /**
- *判斷是否正在下載
- */
- public boolean isdownloading() {
- return state == DOWNLOADING;
- }
- /**
- * 得到downloader裏的信息
- * 首先進行判斷是否是第一次下載,如果是第一次就要進行初始化,並將下載器的信息保存到數據庫中
- * 如果不是第一次下載,那就要從數據庫中讀出之前下載的信息(起始位置,結束為止,文件大小等),並將下載信息返回給下載器
- */
- public LoadInfo getDownloaderInfors() {
- if (isFirst(urlstr)) {
- Log.v("TAG", "isFirst");
- init();
- int range = fileSize / threadcount;
- infos = new ArrayList<DownloadInfo>();
- for (int i = 0; i < threadcount - 1; i++) {
- DownloadInfo info = new DownloadInfo(i, i * range, (i + 1)* range - 1, 0, urlstr);
- infos.add(info);
- }
- DownloadInfo info = new DownloadInfo(threadcount - 1,(threadcount - 1) * range, fileSize - 1, 0, urlstr);
- infos.add(info);
- //保存infos中的數據到數據庫
- Dao.getInstance(context).saveInfos(infos);
- //創建一個LoadInfo對象記載下載器的具體信息
- LoadInfo loadInfo = new LoadInfo(fileSize, 0, urlstr);
- return loadInfo;
- } else {
- //得到數據庫中已有的urlstr的下載器的具體信息
- infos = Dao.getInstance(context).getInfos(urlstr);
- Log.v("TAG", "not isFirst size=" + infos.size());
- int size = 0;
- int compeleteSize = 0;
- for (DownloadInfo info : infos) {
- compeleteSize += info.getCompeleteSize();
- size += info.getEndPos() - info.getStartPos() + 1;
- }
- return new LoadInfo(size, compeleteSize, urlstr);
- }
- }
- /**
- * 初始化
- */
- private void init() {
- try {
- URL url = new URL(urlstr);
- HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
- connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
- connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
- fileSize = connection.getContentLength();
- File file = new File(localfile);
- if (!file.exists()) {
- file.createNewFile();
- }
- // 本地訪問文件
- RandomAccessFile accessFile = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rwd");
- accessFile.setLength(fileSize);
- accessFile.close();
- connection.disconnect();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- /**
- * 判斷是否是第一次 下
最後更新:2017-04-03 14:54:32
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