我用c#寫的串口通訊

程序代碼

using System;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace SPC
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 串口控製  
    /// </summary>
    public class PortControl

    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 定義一個串口類
        /// </summary>
        private   SerialPort  MyPort;

        /// <summary>
        /// 初始化類
        /// </summary>
        public PortControl()
        {
            MyPort = new SerialPort();
            setup();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 直接使用給某個串口
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="port">COM1,COM2。。。。。。</param>
        public  PortControl(string port)
        {
            _portname = port;
            MyPort = new SerialPort(_portname);

            setup();
        }
        private void setup()
        {
            
            MyPort.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(DataReceived);

        }

        
        public bool  Open()
        {
            try
            {
                if (MyPort.IsOpen != true) { MyPort.Open(); };
                return true ;
            }
            catch
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
        public void Open(string port)
        {
            MyPort.PortName = _portname;
            MyPort.Open();
        }

        public void Close()
        {
            MyPort.Close();
        }
        
        private string  _portname;


        /// <summary>
        /// 端口名稱
        /// </summary>
        /// <example>COM1 COM2</example>
        public string  PortName
        {
            get { return _portname; }
            set { _portname = value; }
        }
        public Exception LastException;

    
        /// <summary>
        /// 最後收到的信息
        /// </summary>
        public string LastReceived
        {
            get { return hex_return; }

        }
        public bool Received = false;//是否收到了信息。 發送完數據，如果需要車檢器返回數據，該屬性設置為false;
                              //當收到消息，並解析完成後。這個設置為true;
        string hex_return = "";//收到數據後把十六進製存到這個字符串中。
        byte[] bin_return = new byte[] { };

        double _timeout = 0.8;
        public double TimeOut
        {
            get { return _timeout; }
            set { _timeout = value; }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 向端口中發送命令。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cmdstring">"0A 46 0B 31 30 30 32 35"</param>
        /// <example>  Send("0A 46 0B 31 30 30 32 35")</example>
        /// <remarks>超時設置為5秒，一般來說，端口速度不會延時超過1秒。</remarks>

        /// <summary>
        /// 向端口中發送命令。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cmdstring">"0A 46 0B 31 30 30 32 35"</param>
        /// <param name="timeout">指定超時，按秒計算。端口速度一般不會遲延超過1秒。</param>
        /// <example>  Send("0A 46 0B 31 30 30 32 35")</example>
        public string Send(string cmdstring)
        {

          

            byte[] buff = Funs.HexStringToBinary(cmdstring.Trim());//轉換命令字符串為字節數組
            hex_return = "";//十六進製返回設置為空。
            bin_return = new byte[] { };//重新初始化返回字節數組。
            Received = false;//設置標識為沒有接受到信息
            MyPort.Write(buff, 0, buff.Length);//寫入串口命令。
            double tmpx = DateTime.Now.TimeOfDay.TotalSeconds;//記錄下當前總計秒數
            
                do
                {
                    Application.DoEvents();//釋放CPU
                } while ((Received != true) && (DateTime.Now.TimeOfDay.TotalSeconds - tmpx < _timeout));
                if (Received == false) { return null; }
            //如果接受到了數據或者已超時就不再循環。
            string rt;//初始化返回內容。
            int sum = 0;//初始化命令總數。
            for (int i = 3; i < bin_return.Length - 2; i++)
            {
                sum += bin_return[i];
            }
            int sum1 = bin_return[bin_return.Length - 2] + bin_return[bin_return.Length - 1]*256;
            if (
                sum != sum1
                &&
                bin_return[bin_return.Length - 3] == 3
                )
            { rt = null; }
            else
            {
                rt = Funs.BinaryToHexString(bin_return);
            }
            return rt;
        }

      


    
        /// <summary>
        /// 如果接受到了數據。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender">發送者</param>
        /// <param name="e">時間參數</param>
        private void DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
        {
            //MyPort.DiscardInBuffer(); //丟棄事件發生前的數據。
            int n = MyPort.BytesToRead;//讀取當前有多少數據可讀。
            byte[] binary = new byte[n];//新建內容。
            MyPort.Read(binary, 0, n);//讀取
            Array.Resize(ref bin_return, bin_return.Length + n);//改寫數組大小
            if (bin_return.Length < 1) { return; }

            binary.CopyTo(bin_return, bin_return.Length - binary.Length );//複製數據。
            int infleng = 0;
            //16 16 02 10 01 02 00 07 00 03 1D 00  
            if (bin_return.Length > 7)//基本信息頭應該是7個字節。
            {
                if (bin_return[0] == bin_return[1] && bin_return[0]== 22 && bin_return[2] == 2)
                //如果第零字節和第一字節相等，並且第二自己為0，那麼表示信息的開頭 。
                {
                    //計算第五字節和第六字節。這兩個字節表示長度。
                   infleng = bin_return[5] + bin_return[6] * 256;
                }

            }
            else if (bin_return.Length == 3)
            {
                Received = true;
                return;
            }
            
            Received = ((10 + infleng) == bin_return.Length);//命令基本格式包含10個字節。
            //加上信息長度如果等於bin接收到的長度的話。說明接受完了。接受完了就設置receive為真。
            Console.WriteLine(String.Format("讀取字節數:{0}：內容：{1}----{2}", n, hex_return,e.EventType));
        }
  
          

    
    }
}

程序代碼

using System;
using Microsoft.VisualBasic;

namespace SPC
{
    public class Funs
    {


       /// <summary>
       /// 十六進製字符串到日期時間的轉換 。
       /// </summary>
       /// <param name="hexstring"></param>
       /// <returns></returns>
        public static DateTime HexString2DateTime(string hexstring)
        {                    
        



            int nian, yue, ri, xiaoshi, fenzhong, miao;
            //08 21 14 19 05 04    //時分秒天月年
            string tmp = hexstring.Trim();
            xiaoshi = Hex2Int(Strings.Left(tmp, 3).Trim()); tmp = tmp.Remove(0, 3);
            fenzhong = Hex2Int(Strings.Left(tmp, 3).Trim()); tmp = tmp.Remove(0, 3);
            miao = Hex2Int(Strings.Left(tmp, 3).Trim()); tmp = tmp.Remove(0, 3);
            ri = Hex2Int(Strings.Left(tmp, 3).Trim()); tmp = tmp.Remove(0, 3);
            ri = (ri != 0) ? ri : 1;
            yue = Hex2Int(Strings.Left(tmp, 3).Trim()); tmp = tmp.Remove(0, 3);
            yue = (yue != 0) ? yue : 1;
            nian = Hex2Int(Strings.Left(tmp, 3).Trim());
            nian = (nian != 0) ? 2000 + nian : 2000;
            return (new DateTime(nian, yue, ri, xiaoshi, fenzhong, miao));
        

        }
        

        /// <summary>
        /// 把時間轉換為車檢器需要的字符串 。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dt">時間</param>
        /// <returns>格式為時分秒日月年</returns>
        public static string DateTime2HexString(DateTime dt)
        {
            string info = ToHex(dt.Hour) + " ";
            info += ToHex(dt.Minute) + " ";
            info += ToHex(dt.Second) + " ";
            info += ToHex(dt.Day) + " ";
            info += ToHex(dt.Month) + " ";
            info += ToHex(dt.Year-2000) + " ";
            return info.Trim();

        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 設置事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dt">時間</param>
        /// <returns>轉換為秒分時日月年</returns>
        public static string DateTime2HexString2(DateTime dt)
        {
            string info = ToHex(dt.Second) + " ";
            info += ToHex(dt.Minute) + " ";
            info += ToHex(dt.Hour) + " ";
            info += ToHex(dt.Day) + " ";
            info += ToHex(dt.Month) + " ";
            info += ToHex(dt.Year - 2000) + " ";
            return info.Trim();

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 轉換為符合本程序的十六進製格式
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="var">1 2 3 等。</param>
        /// <returns>返回十六進製字符串，如果是1-9的話，前麵帶零</returns>
        /// <example>例如: 5  ="05"  12 ="0C" 無論何時，都是兩位數。  </example>
        public static string ToHex(int var)
        {
            int cs = var;
            string tmp = "";
            if (cs == 0) { tmp = "00"; }
            while (cs > 0)
            {
                int ys;
                cs = Math.DivRem(cs, 256, out   ys);
                tmp += string.Format(" {0}", Strings.Right("00" + Convert.ToString(ys, 16), 2).ToUpper());
            }
            
            return tmp.Trim();
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 轉換為符合本程序的十六進製格式
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="var">1 2 3 等。</param>
        /// <param name="tianbu">填補</param>
        /// <param name="lng">長度</param>
        /// <returns>返回指定長度字符串，缺少的用 tianbu　來補齊</returns>
        public static string ToHex(int var,string tianbu,int lng)
        {
            string tmp = ToHex(var);
            tmp = Strings.Left(tmp +" "+ tianbu,lng );
            return tmp;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 統計和
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="v">被統計的變量</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static int Sum(byte[] v)
        {
            int s = 0;
            foreach (int var in v)
            {
                s += var;
            }
            return s;
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 統計和
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="v">被統計的變量</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        /// <param name="istart">開始位置</param>
        public static int Sum(byte[] v, int istart)
        {
            int s = 0;
            for (int i = istart; i < v.Length; i++)
            {
                s += v[i];
            }
            return s;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 統計和
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="v">被統計的變量</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        /// <param name="istart">開始位置</param>
        /// <param name="iend">結束位置</param>
        public static int Sum(byte[] v, int istart, int iend)
        {
            int s = 0;
            for (int i = istart; i < iend; i++)
            {
                s += v[i];
            }
            return s;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 轉換16進製字符串為int
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hexstring">字符串，低字節在前，高字節在後</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static  int Hex2Int(string hexstring)
        {

            return Hex2Int(hexstring ,false );
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 轉換16進製字符串為int
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hexstring">字符串</param>
        /// <param name="Reverse">是否反轉為高字節在前，低字節在後</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        /// <remarks> 高字節在前，低字節在後</remarks>
        public static int Hex2Int(string hexstring,bool Reverse)
        {
            //02 00

            byte[] b = HexStringToBinary(hexstring);
            if (Reverse) { Array.Reverse(b); };
            int r = b[0];
            for (int i = 1; i < b.Length - 1; i++)
            {
                if (b[i] != 0)
                {
                    r += Convert.ToInt32(Math.Pow(16, b[i]));
                }
            }
            return r;
        }











        /// <summary>
        /// 16進製字符串轉換為二進製數組
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hexstring">字符串每個字節之間都應該有空格，大多數的串口通訊資料上麵的16進製都是字節之間都是用空格來分割的。</param>
        /// <returns>返回一個二進製字符串</returns>
        public static byte[] HexStringToBinary(string hexstring)
        {
            string[] tmpary = hexstring.Trim().Split(' ');
            byte[] buff = new byte[tmpary.Length];
            for (int i = 0; i < buff.Length; i++)
            {
                buff[i] = Convert.ToByte(tmpary[i], 16);
            }
            return buff;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 把二進製轉換為十六進製字符串。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="buff">要被轉換的二進製數組</param>
        /// <returns>返回十六進製字符串，以空格隔開每個字節 。</returns>
        public static string BinaryToHexString(byte[] buff)
        {
            string tmpstring = "";
            foreach (byte var in buff)
            {

                tmpstring += " " + Strings.Right("00" + Convert.ToString(var, 16), 2);
            }
            return tmpstring.Trim().ToUpper();
        }

    }


}

程序代碼

using Microsoft.VisualBasic;

namespace SPC
{
    public class CommandString
    {
        public const string Sync2STX = "16 16 02";
        /// <summary>
        /// 從返回的字符串中取得信息部分。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="returnstring">返回的字符串。</param>
        /// <param name="loc">取得地址部分的字符串。</param>
        /// <returns>返回字符串的信息部分</returns>
        public static string GetCmdFromReturnString(string returnstring,out string loc)
        {
            /*
            SYNC|SYNC | STX | 地址  | 長度  |信息  |ETX |2字節校驗和。
            16  | 16  |  02 | 10 01 | 02 00 |07 00  |03 |1D 00
            解釋：
            開始的16 16 02 是信息的開頭；
            10 01 即為該車檢的地址，
            02 00是命令的長度低字節在前，高字節在後，代表查詢的命令值是兩個字節；
            07 00 即為查詢的命令，具體解析在後；
            03為停止位；
            最後兩位是校驗位，為STX之後（不包括STX）到ETX（包括）所有字節的和。
            */

            string tmp = returnstring.Remove(0, Sync2STX.Length).Trim();//去掉頭信息
            loc = Strings.Left(tmp, 5);//取得位置
             tmp = tmp.Remove(0, 5).Trim();//去掉 位置
            int lng=Funs.Hex2Int(Strings.Left(tmp,5));//取得信息長度。
            tmp = tmp.Remove(0, 5).Trim();//去掉信息長度
            string r = Strings.Left(tmp, lng * 3).Trim();//取得信息。
            //校驗和這裏不驗證了。在 PortControl 中接受的時候就驗證過了。
            return r;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 從返回的字符串中取得信息部分。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="returnstring">返回的字符串</param>
        /// <returns>返回字符串的信息部分</returns>
        public static string GetCmdFromReturnString(string returnstring)
        {
            string loc;
            string r =GetCmdFromReturnString(returnstring , out  loc);
            return r ;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 計算完整的命令字符串
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pm0_dizhi">The pm0_dizhi.</param>
        /// <param name="pm2_mingling">The pm2_mingling.</param>
        /// <returns>
        /// 返回完整的十六進製字符串，包括信息頭，地址，命令，校正碼等內容。可以直接發送給車檢器。
        /// </returns>
        public static string GetFullCommandString(string pm0_dizhi,string pm2_mingling )
        {

            /*
            SYNC|SYNC | STX | 地址  | 長度  |信息  |ETX |2字節校驗和。
            16  | 16  |  02 | 10 01 | 02 00 |07 00  |03 |1D 00
            解釋：
            開始的16 16 02 是信息的開頭；
            10 01 即為該車檢的地址，
            02 00是命令的長度低字節在前，高字節在後，代表查詢的命令值是兩個字節；
            07 00 即為查詢的命令，具體解析在後；
            03為停止位；
            最後兩位是校驗位，為STX之後（不包括STX）到ETX（包括）所有字節的和。
            */

            //SYNC、SYNC、STX、地址、長度、信息、ETX、2字節校驗和。
            string tmpstring = "16 16 02 {0} {1} {2} 03";
            //0 地址，1 長度，2 信息 3 校驗和。
            string pm1_changdu = Funs.ToHex(pm2_mingling.Split(' ').Length,"00",5);
            tmpstring=string.Format(tmpstring,pm0_dizhi,pm1_changdu,pm2_mingling);
            int pm3_jiaoyanhe = Funs.Sum(Funs.HexStringToBinary(tmpstring), 3);
            tmpstring +=" "+ Funs.ToHex ( pm3_jiaoyanhe,"00",5);
            return tmpstring ;
            

        }

    }
}

程序代碼

        #region 獲取版本號

        private const string _ver = "6C";
        private const string _ver_r = "6D";

        /// <summary>
        /// 得到車檢器版本號
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="loc">地址： 10 01</param>
        /// <returns>返回車檢器版本號</returns>
        public static string GetVer(string loc)
        {
            string tmp = DoCmd(loc, _ver, _ver_r);
            if (_doresult == r_OK)
            {
                double dx = Funs.Hex2Int(tmp);
                double d = dx/10;
                return d.ToString();
            }
            else
            {
                return tmp;
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region 公用常量

        /// <summary>
        /// 表示設置成功
        /// </summary>
        public const string r_ACK = "ACK";

        /// <summary>
        /// 表示查詢失敗
        /// </summary>
        public const string r_FAILED = "FAILED";

        /// <summary>
        /// 設置失敗
        /// </summary>
        public const string r_NACK = "NACK";

        /// <summary>
        /// 出現錯誤。可能是接收的數據不符合要求等。
        /// </summary>
        public const string r_ERROR = "ERROR";

        /// <summary>
        /// 超時。
        /// </summary>
        public const string r_TIMEOUT = "TIMEOUT";

        /// <summary>
        /// 未知。不知道是什麼原因，也就是說返回的內容目前程序還無法識別。
        /// </summary>
        public const string r_UNKNOW = "UNKNOW";

        /// <summary>
        /// 端口可能被占用
        /// </summary>
        public const string r_NULL = "NULL";

        /// <summary>
        /// 執行成功。
        /// </summary>
        public const string r_OK = "OK";

        /// <summary>
        /// 你給出的參數無法解析
        /// </summary>
        public const string r_PARAM_ERROR = "PARAM_ERROR";

        #endregion

        #region 執行命令

        private static string _doresult;

        /// <summary>
        /// 命令執行結果
        /// </summary>
        public static string DoResult
        {
            set { _doresult = value; }
            get { return _doresult; }
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 執行一條命令
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="loc">地址</param>
        /// <param name="cmd">命令</param>
        /// <param name="r">車檢器的應答代碼。</param>
        /// <returns>返回來的數據是不帶r 的。</returns>
        /// <example>  string tmp = DoCmd(loc, _ver, _ver_r);</example>
        public static string DoCmd(string loc, string cmd)
        {
            return DoCmd(loc, cmd, "", true);
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 執行一條命令
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="loc">地址</param>
        /// <param name="cmd">命令</param>
        /// <param name="r">車檢器的應答代碼。</param>
        /// <returns>返回來的數據是不帶r 的。</returns>
        /// <example>  string tmp = DoCmd(loc, _ver, _ver_r);</example>
        public static string DoCmd(string loc, string cmd, string r)
        {
            return DoCmd(loc, cmd, r, false);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 執行一條命令
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="loc">地址</param>
        /// <param name="cmd">命令</param>
        /// <param name="r">車檢器的應答代碼。</param>
        /// <param name="noreturn">是否需要返回值。如果不需要則為真，如果需要則否。</param>
        /// <returns>返回來的數據是不帶r 的。</returns>
        /// <example>  string tmp = DoCmd(loc, _ver, _ver_r);</example>
        public static string DoCmd(string loc, string cmd, string r, bool noreturn)
        {
            string inputstring = CommandString.GetFullCommandString(loc, cmd);
            Console.WriteLine("正在執行車檢器指令：" + inputstring);
            PortControl pc = new PortControl("COM1");
            if (pc.Open())
            {
                string returnstring = pc.Send(inputstring);
              
                Console.WriteLine("車檢器答複：" +returnstring );
                
                //如果不需要返回，直接退出函數。            
                if (noreturn)
                {
                    pc.Close();
                    if (pc.Received)
                    {
                        string ixxx = (returnstring == "16 16 06"
                                           ? r_ACK
                                           : (returnstring == "16 16 07"
                                                  ? r_FAILED
                                                  : (returnstring == "16 16 15" ? r_NACK : r_UNKNOW)));
                        _doresult = ixxx;

                        return ixxx;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        _doresult = r_ERROR;
                        return r_ERROR;
                    }
                }
                //如果接受超時。
                if (pc.Received != true)
                {
                    pc.Close();
                    _doresult = r_TIMEOUT;
                    return r_TIMEOUT;
                }
                string inf = CommandString.GetCmdFromReturnString(returnstring);
                if (Strings.Left(inf, 2) == r)
                {
                    pc.Close();
                    _doresult = r_OK;
                    return inf.Remove(0, r.Length).Trim();
                }
                else
                {
                    pc.Close();
                    _doresult = r_UNKNOW;
                    return r_UNKNOW;
                } //返回的內容不正確。
            }
            else
            {
                _doresult = r_NULL;
                return r_NULL;
            } //串口沒有打開。
        }

        #endregion

    
    }

程序代碼

       [Test]
        public void GetVer()
        {
            string tmp = DoCommand.GetVer(_地址);
            Assert.AreEqual("3.3", tmp, "如果是 null ，表示車檢器的端口通訊失敗，如果是 -  表示車檢器回應的數據不正確");
        }