193
oracle初使用遇到的問題
問題1：
[oracle@iZ2zeh44pi6rlahxj7s9azZ ~]$ sqlplus monitor/monitor123
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Aug 31 18:51:59 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27102: out of memory
Linux-x86_64 Error: 12: Cannot allocate memory
Additional information: 26
Additional information: 229378
Additional information: 1619001344
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0
Enter user-name:
解決：
1、首先檢查linux服務器的當前內存使用情況：
free -m
發現已經沒有空閑內存
2、查看內核允許的最大共享內存段大小
/proc/sys/kernel/shmmax
發現設置的足夠大
3、使用top 查看當前消耗內存大的進程
發現oracle有好幾個進程消耗了大量的資源
4、kill掉這幾個進程
kill -s 9 11111(進程號)
5、清理內存
echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
6、重啟數據庫
sqlplus / as sysdba
shutdown immediate
startup
問題2：鎖賬號（原因是密碼錯誤次數過多）
[oracle@iZ2zeh44pi6rlahxj7s9azZ ~]$ sqlplus monitor/monitor123
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Aug 31 18:57:23 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-28000: the account is locked
解決：
[oracle@iZ2zeh44pi6rlahxj7s9azZ ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Aug 31 18:50:39 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options
SQL> alter user monitor account unlock;
User altered.
問題3：初始化出現：local nodename
[oracle@172-16-10-109 /home/u01/database] $./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -responseFile /u01/database/response/db_install_dtstack.rsp
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 27734 MB Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 4095 MB Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2017-09-29_11-43-52AM. Please wait ...
[oracle@172-16-10-109 /home/u01/database]
$[FATAL] PRVF-0002 : Could not retrieve local nodename
A log of this session is currently saved as: /tmp/OraInstall2017-09-29_11-43-52AM/installActions2017-09-29_11-43-52AM.log. Oracle recommends that if you want to keep this log, you should move it from the temporary location to a more permanent location.
[root@172-16-10-109 /root] #hostname
172-16-10-109
[root@172-16-10-109 /root] #vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 172-16-10-109 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 172-16-10-109 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
問題4：啟動Oracle出現：MEMORY_TARGET not supported
[oracle@iz2zec57gfl6i9vbtdksl1z home]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Sep 13 19:33:17 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system
[root@iZ0xi8vpz0koiwz9zzl6qrZ ~]# df -h | grep shm
tmpfs 497M 205M 292M 42% /dev/shm
[root@iZ0xi8vpz0koiwz9zzl6qrZ ~]# cat /etc/fstab | grep tmpfs
[root@iZ0xi8vpz0koiwz9zzl6qrZ ~]# mount -o remount,size=4G /dev/shm
[root@iZ0xi8vpz0koiwz9zzl6qrZ ~]# df -h | grep shm
tmpfs 4.0G 205M 3.9G 5% /dev/shm
刪除其他用戶登錄oracle進程
問題5：啟動Oracle出現：cannot mount
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 413372416 bytes
Fixed Size 2253784 bytes
Variable Size 327158824 bytes
Database Buffers 79691776 bytes
Redo Buffers 4268032 bytes
ORA-01102: cannot mount database in EXCLUSIVE mode
[oracle@iZ0xi8vpz0koiwz9zzl6qrZ database]$ ipcs -s
------ Semaphore Arrays --------
key semid owner perms nsems
0xbcf2a624 491520 oracle 640 154
0x50f506b0 884737 oracle 640 154
[oracle@iZ0xi8vpz0koiwz9zzl6qrZ database]$ ipcrm -s 491520
[oracle@iZ0xi8vpz0koiwz9zzl6qrZ database]$ ipcrm -s 884737
[oracle@iZ0xi8vpz0koiwz9zzl6qrZ database]$ ipcs -s
------ Semaphore Arrays --------
key semid owner perms nsems
[oracle@iz2zec57gfl6i9vbtdksl1z database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -responseFile /u01/database/response/db_install_dtstack.rsp
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
·
·
·
As a root user, execute the following script(s):
1. /home/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db_1/root.sh
Successfully Setup Software.
重新安裝RAC時，到excute configuration scripts時，隻提示運行：/opt/ora10g/product/10.2.0/crs_1/root.sh這個文件，
不提示/opt/ora10g/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh;這個文件，是為什麼？
原因：
沒刪除/etc/oraInst.loc文件
[oracle@iz2zec57gfl6i9vbtdksl1z database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -responseFile /u01/database/response/db_install_dtstack.rsp
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
·
·
·
As a root user, execute the following script(s):
1. /home/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
2. /home/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.4/db_1/root.sh
Successfully Setup Software.
最後更新：2017-10-13 23:04:26