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技術社區[雲棲]
Android 發送HTTP GET POST 請求以及通過 MultipartEntityBuilder 上傳文件
折騰了好幾天的 HTTP 終於搞定了,經測試正常,不過是初步用例測試用的,因為後麵還要修改先把當前版本保存在博客裏吧。
其中POST因為涉及多段上傳需要導入兩個包文件,我用的是最新的 httpmine4.3 發現網上很多 MultipartEntity 相關的文章都是早起版本的,以前的一些方法雖然還可用,但新版本中已經不建議使用了,所以全部使用新的方式 MultipartEntityBuilder 來處理了。
httpmime-4.3.2.jar httpcore-4.3.1.jar
下載地址:https://hc.apache.org/downloads.cgi
有些鏡像貌似打不開,頁麵上可以可以選擇國內的 .cn 後綴的域名鏡像服務器來下載
如果是 android studio 這裏可能會遇到一個問題:Android Duplicate files copied in APK
經測試 POST 對中文處理也是正常的,沒有發現亂碼
下麵是完整代碼:
ZHttpRequest.java
package com.ai9475.util;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpRequestBase;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.params.BasicHttpParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpConnectionParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* Created by ZHOUZ on 14-2-3.
*/
public class ZHttpRequest
{
protected String url = "";
protected Map<String, String> headers = null;
protected int connectionTimeout = 5000;
protected int soTimeout = 10000;
protected int statusCode = 200;
protected String charset = HTTP.UTF_8;
protected HttpGet httpGet;
protected HttpPost httpPost;
protected HttpParams httpParameters;
protected HttpResponse httpResponse;
protected HttpClient httpClient;
protected String inputContent;
/**
* 設置當前請求的鏈接
*
* @param url
* @return
*/
public ZHttpRequest setUrl(String url)
{
this.url = url;
return this;
}
/**
* 設置請求的 header 信息
*
* @param headers
* @return
*/
public ZHttpRequest setHeaders(Map headers)
{
this.headers = headers;
return this;
}
/**
* 設置連接超時時間
*
* @param timeout 單位(毫秒),默認 5000
* @return
*/
public ZHttpRequest setConnectionTimeout(int timeout)
{
this.connectionTimeout = timeout;
return this;
}
/**
* 設置 socket 讀取超時時間
*
* @param timeout 單位(毫秒),默認 10000
* @return
*/
public ZHttpRequest setSoTimeout(int timeout)
{
this.soTimeout = timeout;
return this;
}
/**
* 設置獲取內容的編碼格式
*
* @param charset 默認為 UTF-8
* @return
*/
public ZHttpRequest setCharset(String charset)
{
this.charset = charset;
return this;
}
/**
* 獲取 HTTP 請求響應信息
*
* @return
*/
public HttpResponse getHttpResponse()
{
return this.httpResponse;
}
/**
* 獲取 HTTP 客戶端連接管理器
*
* @return
*/
public HttpClient getHttpClient()
{
return this.httpClient;
}
/**
* 獲取請求的狀態碼
*
* @return
*/
public int getStatusCode()
{
return this.statusCode;
}
/**
* 通過 GET 方式請求數據
*
* @param url
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public String get(String url) throws IOException
{
// 設置當前請求的鏈接
this.setUrl(url);
// 實例化 GET 連接
this.httpGet = new HttpGet(this.url);
// 自定義配置 header 信息
this.addHeaders(this.httpGet);
// 初始化客戶端請求
this.initHttpClient();
// 發送 HTTP 請求
this.httpResponse = this.httpClient.execute(this.httpGet);
// 讀取遠程數據
this.getInputStream();
// 遠程請求狀態碼是否正常
if (this.statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
return null;
}
// 返回全部讀取到的字符串
return this.inputContent;
}
public String post(String url, Map<String, String> datas, Map<String, String> files) throws IOException
{
this.setUrl(url);
// 實例化 GET 連接
this.httpPost = new HttpPost(this.url);
// 自定義配置 header 信息
this.addHeaders(this.httpPost);
// 初始化客戶端請求
this.initHttpClient();
Iterator iterator = datas.entrySet().iterator();
MultipartEntityBuilder multipartEntityBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
multipartEntityBuilder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
multipartEntityBuilder.setCharset(Charset.forName(this.charset));
// 發送的數據
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
Map.Entry<String, String> entry = (Map.Entry<String, String>) iterator.next();
multipartEntityBuilder.addTextBody(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue(), ContentType.create("text/plain", Charset.forName(this.charset)));
}
// 發送的文件
if (files != null) {
iterator = files.entrySet().iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
Map.Entry<String, String> entry = (Map.Entry<String, String>) iterator.next();
String path = entry.getValue();
if ("".equals(path) || path == null) continue;
File file = new File(entry.getValue());
multipartEntityBuilder.addBinaryBody(entry.getKey(), file);
}
}
// 生成 HTTP 實體
HttpEntity httpEntity = multipartEntityBuilder.build();
// 設置 POST 請求的實體部分
this.httpPost.setEntity(httpEntity);
// 發送 HTTP 請求
this.httpResponse = this.httpClient.execute(this.httpPost);
// 讀取遠程數據
this.getInputStream();
// 遠程請求狀態碼是否正常
if (this.statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
return null;
}
// 返回全部讀取到的字符串
return this.inputContent.toString();
}
/**
* 為 HTTP 請求添加 header 信息
*
* @param request
*/
protected void addHeaders(HttpRequestBase request)
{
if (this.headers != null) {
Set keys = this.headers.entrySet();
Iterator iterator = keys.iterator();
Map.Entry<String, String> entry;
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
entry = (Map.Entry<String, String>) iterator.next();
request.addHeader(entry.getKey().toString(), entry.getValue().toString());
}
}
}
/**
* 配置請求參數
*/
protected void setParams()
{
this.httpParameters = new BasicHttpParams();
this.httpParameters.setParameter("charset", this.charset);
// 設置 連接請求超時時間
HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(this.httpParameters, this.connectionTimeout);
// 設置 socket 讀取超時時間
HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(this.httpParameters, this.soTimeout);
}
/**
* 初始化配置客戶端請求
*/
protected void initHttpClient()
{
// 配置 HTTP 請求參數
this.setParams();
// 開啟一個客戶端 HTTP 請求
this.httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(this.httpParameters);
}
/**
* 讀取遠程數據
*
* @throws IOException
*/
protected void getInputStream() throws IOException
{
// 接收遠程輸入流
InputStream inStream = this.httpResponse.getEntity().getContent();
// 分段讀取輸入流數據
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int len = -1;
while ((len = inStream.read(buf)) != -1) {
baos.write(buf, 0, len);
}
// 將數據轉換為字符串保存
this.inputContent = new String(baos.toByteArray());
// 數據接收完畢退出
inStream.close();
// 獲取請求返回的狀態碼
this.statusCode = this.httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
}
/**
* 關閉連接管理器釋放資源
*/
protected void shutdownHttpClient()
{
if (this.httpClient != null && this.httpClient.getConnectionManager() != null) {
this.httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
}
}
}
MainActivity.java
這個我就隻寫事件部分了
public void doClick(View view)
{
ZHttpRequest request = new ZHttpRequest();
String url = "";
TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.showContent);
String content = "空內容";
try {
if (view.getId() == R.id.doGet) {
url = "https://www.baidu.com";
content = "GET數據:" + request.get(url);
} else {
url = "https://192.168.1.6/test.php";
HashMap<String, String> datas = new HashMap<String, String>();
datas.put("p1", "abc");
datas.put("p2", "中文");
datas.put("p3", "abc中文cba");
datas.put("pic", this.picPath);
HashMap<String, String> files = new HashMap<String, String>();
files.put("file", this.picPath);
content = "POST數據:" + request.post(url, datas, files);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
content = "IO異常:" + e.getMessage();
} catch (Exception e) {
content = "異常:" + e.getMessage();
}
textView.setText(content);
}
其中的 this.picPath 就是指定的SD卡中的相片路徑 String 類型
activity_main.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:andro
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
>
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
>
<Button
android:
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:padding="10dp"
android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
android:text="GET請求"
android:onClick="doClick"
/>
<Button
android:
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:padding="10dp"
android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
android:text="POST請求"
android:onClick="doClick"
/>
<Button
android:
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:padding="10dp"
android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
android:text="拍照"
android:onClick="doPhoto"
/>
<ImageView
android:
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="250dp"
android:scaleType="centerCrop"
android:src="@drawable/add"
android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
/>
<TextView
android:
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
/>
</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
</LinearLayout>
由於我現在對Java 還不是很熟悉,隻看過一些視頻教程,實際開發經驗不多,我按自己的理解寫的注釋,不過應該不會有什麼太大問題吧,如有錯誤請指出,謝謝!
最後更新:2017-04-03 12:54:58