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技術社區[雲棲]
常用u-boot命令詳解（全）
U-boot發展到現在，他的命令行模式已經非常接近Linux下的shell了，命令行模式模式下支持“Tab”鍵的命令補全和命令的曆史記錄功能。而且如果你輸入的命令的前幾個字符和別的命令不重複，那麼你就隻需要打這幾個字符即可，比如我想看這個U-boot的版本號，命令就是“ version”，但是在所有的命令中沒有其他任何一個的命令是由“v”開頭的，所以隻需要輸入“v”即可。
| [u-boot@MINI2440]# version U-Boot 2009.11 ( 4月 04 2010 - 12:09:25) [u-boot@MINI2440]# v U-Boot 2009.11 ( 4月 04 2010 - 12:09:25) [u-boot@MINI2440]# base Base Address: 0x00000000 [u-boot@MINI2440]# ba Base Address: 0x00000000 |
由於U-boot支持的命令實在太多，一個一個細講不現實，也沒有必要。所以下麵我挑一些燒寫和引導常用命令介紹一下，其他的命令大家就舉一反三，或者“help”吧！
（1）獲取幫助
命令：help 或 ?
功能：查看當前U-boot版本中支持的所有命令。
| [u-boot@MINI2440]# help ? - alias for 'help' askenv - get environment variables from stdin base - print or set address offset bdinfo - print Board Info structure bmp - manipulate BMP image data boot - boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd' bootd - boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd' bootelf - Boot from an ELF image in memory bootm - boot application image from memory bootp - boot image via network using BOOTP/TFTP protocol bootvx - Boot vxWorks from an ELF image cmp - memory compare coninfo - print console devices and information cp - memory copy crc32 - checksum calculation date - get/set/reset date & time dcache - enable or disable data cache dhcp - boot image via network using DHCP/TFTP protocol echo - echo args to console editenv - edit environment variable eeprom - EEPROM sub-system erase - erase FLASH memory exit - exit script fatinfo - print information about filesystem fatload - load binary file from a dos filesystem fatls - list files in a directory (default /) flinfo - print FLASH memory information fsinfo - print information about filesystems fsload - load binary file from a filesystem image go - start application at address 'addr' help - print online help i2c - I2C sub-system icache - enable or disable instruction cache iminfo - print header information for application image imls - list all images found in flash imxtract- extract a part of a multi-image itest - return true/false on integer compare loadb - load binary file over serial line (kermit mode) loads - load S-Record file over serial line loadx - load binary file over serial line (xmodem mode) loady - load binary file over serial line (ymodem mode) loop - infinite loop on address range ls - list files in a directory (default /) md - memory display mm - memory modify (auto-incrementing address) mmc - MMC sub-system mtest - simple RAM read/write test mw - memory write (fill) nand - NAND sub-system nboot - boot from NAND device nfs - boot image via network using NFS protocol nm - memory modify (constant address) ping - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network host printenv- print environment variables protect - enable or disable FLASH write protection rarpboot- boot image via network using RARP/TFTP protocol reginfo - print register information reset - Perform RESET of the CPU run - run commands in an environment variable saveenv - save environment variables to persistent storage setenv - set environment variables showvar - print local hushshell variables sleep - delay execution for some time source - run script from memory test - minimal test like /bin/sh tftpboot- boot image via network using TFTP protocol unzip - unzip a memory region usb - USB sub-system usbboot - boot from USB device version - print monitor version |
如果你想獲取某條命令的更詳細的幫助，可以使用：
| help <你想要查的指令> 或者 ? <你想要查的指令> ， 甚至 h <你想要查的指令縮寫>。 |
以bmp指令為例：
| [u-boot@MINI2440]# help
bmp bmp - manipulate BMP image data Usage: bmp info <imageAddr> - display image info bmp display <imageAddr> [x y] - display image at x,y [u-boot@MINI2440]# ? bmp bmp - manipulate BMP image data Usage: bmp info <imageAddr> - display image info bmp display <imageAddr> [x y] - display image at x,y [u-boot@MINI2440]# h bm bmp - manipulate BMP image data Usage: bmp info <imageAddr> - display image info bmp display <imageAddr> [x y] - display image at x,y |
（2）環境變量（environment variables，簡稱ENV）與相關指令
和shell類似，U-Boot也有環境變量。一些U-boot默認的環境變量如下：
|
環 境 變 量
|
解 釋 說 明
|
| bootdelay | 執行自動啟動（bootcmd中的命令）的等候秒數 |
| baudrate | 串口控製台的波特率 |
| netmask | 以太網的網絡掩碼 |
| ethaddr | 以太網的MAC地址 |
| bootfile | 默認的下載文件名 |
| bootargs | 傳遞給Linux內核的啟動參數 |
| bootcmd | 自動啟動時執行命令 |
| serverip | TFTP服務器端的IP地址 |
| ipaddr | 本地的IP地址 |
| stdin | 標準輸入設備，一般是串口 |
| stdout | 標準輸出，一般是串口，也可是LCD（VGA） |
| stderr | 標準出錯，一般是串口，也可是LCD（VGA） |
要看到你的板上的ENV值可使用printenv命令，例如我的板子：
| [u-boot@MINI2440]# printenv bootargs=noinitrd root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=192.168.0.1:/home/tekkaman/working/nfs/rootfs ip=192.168.0.2:192.168.0.1::255.255.255.0 console=ttySAC0,115200 init=/linuxrc mem=64M bootcmd=nfs 0x30008000 192.168.0.1:/home/tekkaman/working/nfs/zImage.img;bootm bootdelay=1 baudrate=115200 ethaddr=08:08:11:18:12:27 ipaddr=192.168.0.2 serverip=192.168.0.1 gatewayip=192.168.0.1 netmask=255.255.255.0 tekkaman=bmp d 70000 stdin=serial stdout=serial stderr=serial ethact=dm9000 Environment size: 470/131068 bytes |
你會發現有些有的ENV我沒有，還有一個“tekkaman”的ENV。原因是如果你沒有設置這個環境變量就不會打印出，你也可以自己定義ENV，並在命令中使用${ENV}來調用它。同時你也可以刪除這個ENV。設置ENV的命令是setenv，格式為：
| setenv name value |
第1個參數是環境變量的名稱。
第2個參數是要設置的值，如果沒有第2個參數，表示刪除這個環境變量。
例如：我先將”tekkaman”參數刪除，再設置，最後在一個命令串中調用。
| [u-boot@MINI2440]# printenv
tekkaman tekkaman=bmp d 70000 [u-boot@MINI2440]# setenv tekkaman [u-boot@MINI2440]# printenv tekkaman ## Error: "tekkaman" not defined [u-boot@MINI2440]# setenv tekkaman echo "I am Tekkaman Ninja!" [u-boot@MINI2440]# printenv tekkaman tekkaman=echo I am Tekkaman [u-boot@MINI2440]# echo I Love Linux ;${tekkaman} I Love Linux I am Tekkaman |
當你設置了ENV，它隻保存在內存中，如果你要它保存在存放ENV的固態存儲器中，請使用：saveenv。
| [u-boot@MINI2440]# saveenv Saving Environment to NAND... Erasing Nand... Erasing at 0x6000000000002 -- 0% complete. Writing to Nand... done |
如果在啟動的時候會看到U-boot打印出：“Warning - bad CRC, using default environment”，說明U-boot沒有在存放ENV的固態存儲器中找到有效的ENV，隻好使用你在編譯的時候定義的默認ENV。如果U-boot存放ENV的固態存儲器的驅動是OK的，那麼隻要運行 saveenv就可以把默認ENV寫入固態存儲器，下次啟動就不會有這個警告了。
ENV可以放在許多固體存儲器中，對於mini2440來說Nor Flash、Nand Flash或EEPROM都可以，就看你如何配置了（include/configs下的配置文件）。例如：
Nor Flash：
| #define CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH
1 #define CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET 0X40000 #define CONFIG_ENV_SIZE 0x20000 /* Total Size of Environment Sector */ |
| #define CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND
1 #define CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET 0X40000 #define CONFIG_ENV_SIZE 0x20000 /* Total Size of Environment Sector */ |
EEPROM：
| #define CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_EEPROM
1 /* use EEPROM for environment vars */ #define CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET 0x000 /* environment starts at offset 0 */ #define CONFIG_ENV_SIZE 0x400 /* 1KB */ |
注意 CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET和 CONFIG_ENV_SIZE 的設置，不要覆蓋了其他分區。
CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET是在整個存儲器中的偏移地址；
CONFIG_ENV_SIZE是指其使用的大小。
四、U-boot的使用（二）
命令：
loadb - load binary file over serial line (kermit mode)
loadx - load binary file over serial line (xmodem mode)
loady - load binary file over serial line (ymodem mode)
功能：以不同的協議從串口獲取文件.。
格式基本都為：
load？ [ off ] [ baud ]
第1個參數是下載到SDRAM的地址，如果不填，就是用默認配置：CONFIG_SYS_LOAD_ADDR
第2個參數是波特率，一般不填，用默認的115200.
在windows下的超級終端可以用這些協議發送文件，但是在ubuntu下基本隻能用kermit協議。一下使用C-kermit來發送一個文件到mini2440。
| [u-boot@MINI2440]# loadb ## Ready for binary (kermit) download to 0x30008000 at 115200 bps... |
上麵已經啟動了U-boot的kermit傳輸協議，這時按下 Ctrl + \ , 再按 c, 切換到C-kermit的命令行模式，輸入命令：send <文件路徑>，回車。
| [u-boot@MINI2440]# loadb ## Ready for binary (kermit) download to 0x30008000 at 115200 bps... (Back at MAGI-Linux) ---------------------------------------------------- C-Kermit 8.0.211, 10 Apr 2004, for Linux Copyright (C) 1985, 2004, Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Type ? or HELP for help. (/home/tekkaman/桌麵/) C-Kermit>send/home/tekkaman/development/share/zImage.img |
C-kermit就開始傳送，並且顯示一個傳送界麵，並動態顯示傳送進度。
| C-Kermit 8.0.211, 10
Apr 2004, MAGI-Linux Current Directory: /home/tekkaman/��~L�~]� Communication Device: /dev/ttyUSB0 Communication Speed: 115200 Parity: none RTT/Timeout: 01 / 02 SENDING: /home/tekkaman/development/share/zImage.img => zImage.img File Type: BINARY File Size: 2277540 Percent Done: 19 /////////- ...10...20...30...40...50...60...70...80...90..100 Estimated Time Left: 00:03:35 Transfer Rate, CPS: 8536 Window Slots: 1 of 1 Packet Type: D Packet Count: 557 Packet Length: 1000 Error Count: 0 Last Error: Last Message: X to cancel file, Z to cancel group, <CR> to resend last packet, E to send Error packet, ^C to quit immediately, ^L to refresh screen. |
傳送完畢後，輸入c ，回到U-boot的串口界麵。
| [u-boot@MINI2440]# loadb ## Ready for binary (kermit) download to 0x30008000 at 115200 bps... (Back at MAGI-Linux) ---------------------------------------------------- C-Kermit 8.0.211, 10 Apr 2004, for Linux Copyright (C) 1985, 2004, Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Type ? or HELP for help. (/home/tekkaman/桌麵/) C-Kermit>send/home/tekkaman/development/share/zImage.img (/home/tekkaman/桌麵/) C-Kermit>c Connecting to /dev/ttyUSB0, speed 115200 Escape character: Ctrl-\ (ASCII 28, FS): enabled Type the escape character followed by C to get back, or followed by ? to see other options. ---------------------------------------------------- ## Total Size = 0x0022c0a4 = 2277540 Bytes ## Start Addr = 0x30008000 |
（4）網絡命令
隻要你的網卡驅動沒問題，那麼你就可以通過網絡來傳輸文件到開發板，這可比串口快多了。你可以直接用交叉網線連接開發板和電腦，也可以用普通直連網線連接路由器，再連到電腦，不過記得配置好網絡，關閉防火牆哦。
先測試網絡是否通了，現在開發板使用ping 命令，看看是否可以ping通電腦：
| [u-boot@MINI2440]# ping
192.168.1.100 dm9000 i/o: 0x20000300, id: 0x90000a46 DM9000: running in 16 bit mode MAC: 08:08:11:18:12:27 operating at 100M full duplex mode Using dm9000 device host 192.168.1.100 is alive |
如果出現：
| [u-boot@MINI2440]# ping
192.168.1.100 dm9000 i/o: 0x20000300, id: 0x90000a46 DM9000: running in 16 bit mode MAC: 08:08:11:18:12:27 operating at 100M full duplex mode Using dm9000 device ping failed; host 192.168.1.100 is not alive |
這樣無法ping通的事，可能是：
1、U-boot網卡驅動有問題
2、U-boot網絡協議延時配置有問題
3、網絡參數配置問題，比如IP等，Host和Target都有可能有問題。Host最好關閉IPv6。
實在找不到原因，用Wireshark抓包看看。
如果網絡暢通，下麵就可以使用下麵的命令從tftp目錄或者nfs目錄下載文件到SDRAM了。
命令：
dhcp - boot image via network using DHCP/TFTP protocol
rarpboot- boot image via network using RARP/TFTP protocol
nfs - boot image via network using NFS protocol
tftpboot- boot image via network using TFTP protocol
bootp - boot image via network using BOOTP/TFTP protocol
這幾個命令的格式都是：<指令> [目的SDRAM地址] [[主機IP:]文件名]
注意：
要使用dhcp、rarpboot或 bootp 等功能要路由器或Host的支持。
如果沒有輸入[目的SDRAM地址]，係統就是用編譯時定義的CONFIG_SYS_LOAD_ADDR作為目的SDRAM地址
如果tftpboot和nfs命令沒有定義[主機IP:]，則使用ENV中的serverip
其它命令必需定義[主機IP:]，否則會使用提供動態IP服務的主機IP作為[主機IP:]。
使用範例：
| [u-boot@MINI2440]# nfs
0x30008000192.168.1.100:/home/tekkaman/development/share/u-boot.bin dm9000 i/o: 0x20000300, id: 0x90000a46 DM9000: running in 16 bit mode MAC: 08:08:11:18:12:27 operating at 100M full duplex mode Using dm9000 device File transfer via NFS from server 192.168.1.100; our IP address is 192.168.1.101 Filename '/home/tekkaman/development/share/u-boot.bin'. Load address: 0x30008000 Loading: ################################################### done Bytes transferred = 256220 (3e8dc hex) [u-boot@MINI2440]# tftp u-boot.bin dm9000 i/o: 0x20000300, id: 0x90000a46 DM9000: running in 16 bit mode MAC: 08:08:11:18:12:27 operating at 100M full duplex mode Using dm9000 device TFTP from server 192.168.1.100; our IP address is 192.168.1.101 Filename 'u-boot.bin'. Load address: 0x30008000 Loading: T ################## done Bytes transferred = 256220 (3e8dc hex) [u-boot@MINI2440]# dhcp 192.168.1.100:u-boot.bin dm9000 i/o: 0x20000300, id: 0x90000a46 DM9000: running in 16 bit mode MAC: 08:08:11:18:12:27 operating at 100M full duplex mode BOOTP broadcast 1 BOOTP broadcast 2 DHCP client bound to address 192.168.1.101 Using dm9000 device TFTP from server 192.168.1.100; our IP address is 192.168.1.101 Filename 'u-boot.bin'. Load address: 0x30008000 Loading: ################## done Bytes transferred = 256220 (3e8dc hex) [u-boot@MINI2440]# bootp 192.168.1.100:u-boot.bin dm9000 i/o: 0x20000300, id: 0x90000a46 DM9000: running in 16 bit mode MAC: 08:08:11:18:12:27 operating at 100M full duplex mode BOOTP broadcast 1 BOOTP broadcast 2 DHCP client bound to address 192.168.1.101 Using dm9000 device TFTP from server 192.168.1.100; our IP address is 192.168.1.101 Filename 'u-boot.bin'. Load address: 0x30008000 Loading: ################## done Bytes transferred = 256220 (3e8dc hex) [u-boot@MINI2440]# rarpboot 192.168.1.100:u-boot.bin |
我的路由器沒有開rarp協議，所以rarpboot 無法使用，要使用dhcp或 bootp 也是要路由或Host支持的。
（5）Nand Flash操作指令
常用的Nand Flash指令如下：|
指令
|
功能
|
| nand info | 顯示可使用的Nand Flash |
| nand device [dev] | 顯示或設定當前使用的Nand Flash |
| nand read addr off size |
Nand Flash讀取命令，從Nand的 off 偏移地址處讀取size 字節的數據到SDRAM的 addr地址。 |
| nand write addr off size |
Nand Flash燒寫命令，將SDRAM的 addr地址處的size 字節的數據燒寫到Nand的 off 偏移地址。 |
| nand write[.yaffs[1]] addr off size |
燒寫yaffs 映像專用的命令，.yaffs1 for 512+16 NAND |
| nand erase [clean] [off size] | Nand Flash檫除命令，擦除Nand Flash的 off 偏移地址處的size 字節的數據 |
| nand bad | 顯示Nand Flash的壞塊 |
| nand dump[.oob] off | 顯示Nand Flash中的數據（16進製） |
| nand scrub | 徹底擦除整塊Nand Flash中的數據，包括OOB。可以擦除軟件壞塊標誌。 |
| nand markbad off | 標示 Nand的 off 偏移地址處的塊為壞塊 |
使用範例：
| [u-boot@MINI2440]# nand
info Device 0: NAND 128MiB 3,3V 8-bit, sector size 128 KiB [u-boot@MINI2440]# nand device 0 Device 0: NAND 128MiB 3,3V 8-bit... is now current device [u-boot@MINI2440]# nand read 0x30008000 0x60000 200000 NAND read: device 0 offset 0x60000, size 0x200000 2097152 bytes read: OK [u-boot@MINI2440]# nand bad Device 0 bad blocks: 030a0000 030c0000 030e0000 07ee0000 [u-boot@MINI2440]# nand markbad 0x500000 block 0x00500000 successfully marked as bad [u-boot@MINI2440]# nand bad Device 0 bad blocks: 00500000 030a0000 030c0000 030e0000 07ee0000 [u-boot@MINI2440]# nand scrub NAND scrub: device 0 whole chip Warning: scrub option will erase all factory set bad There is no reliable way to recover them. Use this command only for testing purposes if you are sure of what you are Really scrub this NAND flash? <y/N> Erasing at 0x2f4000008000000 -- 0% complete. NAND 128MiB 3,3V 8-bit: MTD Erase failure: -5 NAND 128MiB 3,3V 8-bit: MTD Erase failure: -5 NAND 128MiB 3,3V 8-bit: MTD Erase failure: -5 Erasing at 0x7ea000008000000 -- 0% complete. NAND 128MiB 3,3V 8-bit: MTD Erase failure: -5 Erasing at 0x7fe000008000000 -- 0% complete. OK [u-boot@MINI2440]# nand bad Device 0 bad blocks: 030a0000 030c0000 030e0000 07ee0000 [u-boot@MINI2440]# nand dump 0x8000 Page 00008000 dump: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff (略) OOB: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff [u-boot@MINI2440]# tftp u-boot.bin dm9000 i/o: 0x20000300, id: 0x90000a46 DM9000: running in 16 bit mode MAC: 08:08:11:18:12:27 operating at 100M full duplex mode Using dm9000 device TFTP from server 192.168.1.100; our IP address is 192.168.1.101 Filename 'u-boot.bin'. Load address: 0x30008000 Loading: T ################## done Bytes transferred = 256220 (3e8dc hex) [u-boot@MINI2440]# nand write 0x30008000 0 40000 NAND write: device 0 offset 0x0, size 0x40000 Writing at 0x2000000020000 -- 100% is complete. 262144 bytes written: OK [u-boot@MINI2440]# nand dump 0x8000 Page 00008000 dump: 00 00 53 e1 01 00 00 2a 15 40 e0 e3 19 00 00 ea (略) 60 30 97 e5 03 00 54 e1 f6 ff ff ba 00 40 a0 e3 OOB: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 65 a9 6b f3 ff 33 fc 30 f3 33 cf 33 0f f0 ff 00 cc 0f 59 55 57 96 a5 5b |
nboot 指令也是一條Nand Flash 讀取指令，它是將Nand Flash 的 offset 偏移地址的內核映像讀取到SDRAM的loadAddr位置。它會自動讀取到內核映像（使用mkimage處理過的）的結束，所以不用給出讀取大小。
格式：nboot loadAddr dev offset
使用範例：
| [u-boot@MINI2440]# tftp
192.168.1.100:zImage.img dm9000 i/o: 0x20000300, id: 0x90000a46 DM9000: running in 16 bit mode MAC: 08:08:11:18:12:27 operating at 100M full duplex mode Using dm9000 device TFTP from server 192.168.1.100; our IP address is 192.168.1.101 Filename 'zImage.img'. Load address: 0x30008000 Loading: T ################################################################# ################################################################# ########################## done Bytes transferred = 2277540 (22c0a4 hex) [u-boot@MINI2440]# nand erase 0x100000 300000 NAND erase: device 0 offset 0x100000, size 0x300000 Erasing at 0x3e000001800000 -- 0% complete. OK [u-boot@MINI2440]# nand write 0x30008000 0x100000 300000 NAND write: device 0 offset 0x100000, size 0x300000 Writing at 0x3e000000020000 -- 100% is complete. 3145728 bytes written: OK [u-boot@MINI2440]# nand device 0 Device 0: NAND 128MiB 3,3V 8-bit... is now current device [u-boot@MINI2440]# nboot 30008000 0 0x100000 Loading from NAND 128MiB 3,3V 8-bit, offset 0x100000 Image Name: tekkaman Created: 2010-03-29 12:59:51 UTC Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 2277476 Bytes = 2.2 MB Load Address: 30008000 Entry Point: 30008040 [u-boot@MINI2440]# bootm 30008000 ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 30008000 ... Image Name: tekkaman Created: 2010-03-29 12:59:51 UTC Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 2277476 Bytes = 2.2 MB Load Address: 30008000 Entry Point: 30008040 Verifying Checksum ... OK XIP Kernel Image ... OK OK Starting kernel ... Uncompressing Linux... done, booting the kernel. Linux version 2.6.33.1 (tekkaman@MAGI-Linux) (gcc version 4.3.2(crosstool-NG-1.6.1-tekkaman) ) #5 Mon Mar 29 20:58:50 CST 2010 CPU: ARM920T [41129200] revision 0 (ARMv4T), cr=c0007177 CPU: VIVT data cache, VIVT instruction cache Machine: MINI2440 （略） |
四、U-boot的使用（三）
(6) 內存/寄存器操作指令
nm 修改內存值 (指定地址)格式： nm [.b, .w, .l] address
mm 修改內存值(地址自動加一)
格式： mm [.b, .w, .l] address
md 顯示內存值
格式： md [.b, .w, .l] address [# of objects]
mw 用指定的數據填充內存
格式： mw [.b, .w, .l] address value [count]
cp 內存的拷貝（包括內存與Nor Flash間的數據拷貝）
格式：cp [.b, .w, .l] source target count
上麵是查看和修改內存值的指令，可以查看和修改SDRAM和寄存器值。
[.b, .w, .l]代表了查看和修改形式：bit、word、long
使用範例：
| [u-boot@MINI2440]# md.b
0x30008000 20 30008000: cc 33 fe 33 cc b3 4c 33 ac 33 de 33 5c 13 cc 33 .3.3..L3.3.3\..3 30008010: cc 32 cc 31 dc 33 cf 33 cc 33 4e 33 8f 13 cc 33 .2.1.3.3.3N3...3 [u-boot@MINI2440]# md.w 0x30008000 20 30008000: 33cc 33fe b3cc 334c 33ac 33de 135c 33cc .3.3..L3.3.3\..3 30008010: 32cc 31cc 33dc 33cf 33cc 334e 138f 33cc .2.1.3.3.3N3...3 30008020: 338c 33cd 33cc 7bcc 3bcc 33cc 135e 734c .3.3.3.{.;.3^.Ls 30008030: 7bdc 37cc 31dc 33c4 038c 33e8 77cc 13cc .{.7.1.3...3.w.. [u-boot@MINI2440]# md.l 0x30008000 20 30008000: 33fe33cc 334cb3cc 33de33ac 33cc135c .3.3..L3.3.3\..3 30008010: 31cc32cc 33cf33dc 334e33cc 33cc138f .2.1.3.3.3N3...3 30008020: 33cd338c 7bcc33cc 33cc3bcc 734c135e .3.3.3.{.;.3^.Ls 30008030: 37cc7bdc 33c431dc 33e8038c 13cc77cc .{.7.1.3...3.w.. 30008040: 234c77ce 33dc339c 33ec3ece f3cc36ec .wL#.3.3.>.3.6.. 30008050: 37dc33cc 73cc3f5c 17dd314c 33cc62e8 .3.7\?.sL1...b.3 30008060: b6cc33dc 33c233cc 33cc32cc 33cc3f68 .3...3.3.2.3h?.3 30008070: 73cc31cc b3cc33cc 33cc37c9 33df13cc .1.s.3...7.3...3 [u-boot@MINI2440]# nm 0x30008000 30008000: 33fe33cc ? 12345678 30008000: 12345678 ? 34567890 30008000: 34567890 ? q [u-boot@MINI2440]# nm.b 0x30008000 30008000: 90 ? 11 30008000: 11 ? 12 30008000: 12 ? q [u-boot@MINI2440]# mm 0x30008000 30008000: 34567812 ? 54321123 30008004: 334cb3cc ? 12345678 30008008: 33de33ac ? 21234543 3000800c: 33cc135c ? q [u-boot@MINI2440]# md.b 0x30008000 20 30008000: 23 11 32 54 78 56 34 12 43 45 23 21 5c 13 cc 33 #.2TxV4.CE#!\..3 30008010: cc 32 cc 31 dc 33 cf 33 cc 33 4e 33 8f 13 cc 33 .2.1.3.3.3N3...3 [u-boot@MINI2440]# mw.b 0x30008000 aa 10 [u-boot@MINI2440]# mw.b 0x30008010 55 10 [u-boot@MINI2440]# md.b 0x30008000 20 30008000: aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa ................ 30008010: 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU [u-boot@MINI2440]# cp.b 0x30008000 0x30008010 10 [u-boot@MINI2440]# md.b 0x30008000 20 30008000: aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa ................ 30008010: aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa ................ |
你可以試著修改LED相連的GPIO寄存器的數據寄存器值，可以控製LED的點亮！
先熄滅後點亮LED1的範例：（這個實驗要結合芯片數據手冊和mini2440的原理圖來理解）
| [u-boot@MINI2440]# md
0x56000014 1 56000014: 00000600 .... [u-boot@MINI2440]# nm.w 0x56000014 56000014: 0600 ? 620 （熄滅） 56000014: 0620 ? 600 （點亮） |
(7) Nor Flash指令
flinfo 打印Flash存儲器的信息，並列出所有Sector。
flinfo N 單獨打Flash存儲器N Block的信息。（在有多塊Nor Flash時使用）
使用範例：
| [u-boot@MINI2440]# flinfo Bank # 1: SST: 1x SST39VF1601 (2MB) Size: 2 MB in 32 Sectors Sector Start Addresses: 00000000 (RO) 00010000 (RO) 00020000 (RO) 00030000 (RO) 00040000 00050000 00060000 (RO) 00070000 (RO) 00080000 00090000 000A0000 000B0000 000C0000 000D0000 000E0000 000F0000 00100000 00110000 00120000 00130000 00140000 00150000 00160000 00170000 00180000 00190000 001A0000 001B0000 001C0000 001D0000 001E0000 001F0000 [u-boot@MINI2440]# flinfo 1 Bank # 1: SST: 1x SST39VF1601 (2MB) Size: 2 MB in 32 Sectors Sector Start Addresses: 00000000 (RO) 00010000 (RO) 00020000 (RO) 00030000 (RO) 00040000 00050000 00060000 (RO) 00070000 (RO) 00080000 00090000 000A0000 000B0000 000C0000 000D0000 000E0000 000F0000 00100000 00110000 00120000 00130000 00140000 00150000 00160000 00170000 00180000 00190000 001A0000 001B0000 001C0000 001D0000 001E0000 001F0000 [u-boot@MINI2440]# flinfo 2 Only FLASH Banks # 1 上一篇： |