Android源碼分析-點擊事件派發機製
轉載請注明出處:https://blog.csdn.net/singwhatiwanna/article/details/17339857概述
一直想寫篇關於Android事件派發機製的文章,卻一直沒寫,這兩天剛好是周末,有時間了,想想寫一篇吧,不然總是隻停留在會用的層次上但是無法了解其內部機製。我用的是4.4源碼,打開看看,挺複雜的,尤其是事件是怎麼從Activity派發出來的,太費解了。了解Windows消息機製的人會發現,覺得Android的事件派發機製和Windows的消息派發機製挺像的,其實這是一種典型的消息“冒泡”機製,很多平台采用這個機製,消息最先到達最底層View,然後它先進行判斷是不是它所需要的,否則就將消息傳遞給它的子View,這樣一來,消息就從水底的氣泡一樣向上浮了一點距離,以此類推,氣泡達到頂部和空氣接觸,破了(消息被處理了),當然也有氣泡浮出到頂層了,還沒破(消息無人處理),這個消息將由係統來處理,對於Android來說,會由Activity來處理。
Android點擊事件的派發機製
1. 從Activity傳遞到底層View
點擊事件用MotionEvent來表示,當一個點擊操作發生時,事件最先傳遞給當前Activity,由Activity的dispatchTouchEvent來進行事件派發,具體的工作是由Activity內部的Window來完成的,Window會將事件傳遞給decor view,decor view一般就是當前界麵的底層容器(即setContentView所設置的View的父容器),通過Activity.getWindow.getDecorView()可以獲得。另外,看下麵代碼的的時候,主要看我注釋的地方,代碼很多很複雜,我無法一一說明,但是我注釋的地方都是關鍵點,是博主仔細讀代碼總結出來的。
源碼解讀:
事件是由哪裏傳遞給Activity的,這個我還不清楚,但是不要緊,我們從activity開始分析,已經足夠我們了解它的內部實現了。
Code:Activity#dispatchTouchEvent
- /**
- * Called to process touch screen events. You can override this to
- * intercept all touch screen events before they are dispatched to the
- * window. Be sure to call this implementation for touch screen events
- * that should be handled normally.
- *
- * @param ev The touch screen event.
- *
- * @return boolean Return true if this event was consumed.
- */
- public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
- if (ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
- //這個函數其實是個空函數,啥也沒幹,如果你沒重寫的話,不用關心
- onUserInteraction();
- }
- //這裏事件開始交給Activity所附屬的Window進行派發,如果返回true,整個事件循環就結束了
- //返回false意味著事件沒人處理,所有人的onTouchEvent都返回了false,那麼Activity就要來做最後的收場。
- if (getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)) {
- return true;
- }
- //這裏,Activity來收場了,Activity的onTouchEvent被調用
- return onTouchEvent(ev);
- }
Window是如何將事件傳遞給ViewGroup的
Code:Window#superDispatchTouchEvent
- /**
- * Used by custom windows, such as Dialog, to pass the touch screen event
- * further down the view hierarchy. Application developers should
- * not need to implement or call this.
- *
- */
- public abstract boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event);
Abstract base class for a top-level window look and behavior policy. An instance of this class should be used as the top-level view added to the window manager. It provides standard UI policies such as a background, title area, default key processing, etc.
The only existing implementation of this abstract class is android.policy.PhoneWindow, which you should instantiate when needing a Window. Eventually that class will be refactored and a factory method added for creating Window instances without knowing about a particular implementation.
Code:PhoneWindow#superDispatchTouchEvent- @Override
- public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
- return mDecor.superDispatchTouchEvent(event);
- }
- private final class DecorView extends FrameLayout implements RootViewSurfaceTaker
- // This is the top-level view of the window, containing the window decor.
- private DecorView mDecor;
- @Override
- public final View getDecorView() {
- if (mDecor == null) {
- installDecor();
- }
- return mDecor;
- }
順便說一下,平時Window用的最多的就是((ViewGroup)getWindow().getDecorView().findViewById(android.R.id.content)).getChildAt(0)即通過Activity來得到內部的View。這個mDecor顯然就是getWindow().getDecorView()返回的View,而我們通過setContentView設置的View是它的一個子View。目前事件傳遞到了DecorView 這裏,由於DecorView 繼承自FrameLayout且是我們的父View,所以最終事件會傳遞給我們的View,原因先不管了,換句話來說,事件肯定會傳遞到我們的View,不然我們的應用如何響應點擊事件呢。不過這不是我們的重點,重點是事件到了我們的View以後應該如何傳遞,這是對我們更有用的。從這裏開始,事件已經傳遞到我們的頂級View了,注意:頂級View實際上是最底層View,也叫根View。
2.底層View對事件的分發過程
點擊事件到底層View(一般是一個ViewGroup)以後,會調用ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent方法,然後的邏輯是這樣的:如果底層ViewGroup攔截事件即onInterceptTouchEvent返回true,則事件由ViewGroup處理,這個時候,如果ViewGroup的mOnTouchListener被設置,則會onTouch會被調用,否則,onTouchEvent會被調用,也就是說,如果都提供的話,onTouch會屏蔽掉onTouchEvent。在onTouchEvent中,如果設置了mOnClickListener,則onClick會被調用。如果頂層ViewGroup不攔截事件,則事件會傳遞給它的在點擊事件鏈上的子View,這個時候,子View的dispatchTouchEvent會被調用,到此為止,事件已經從最底層View傳遞給了上一層View,接下來的行為和其底層View一致,如此循環,完成整個事件派發。另外要說明的是,ViewGroup默認是不攔截點擊事件的,其onInterceptTouchEvent返回false。
源碼解讀:
Code:ViewGroup#dispatchTouchEvent
- @Override
- public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
- if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
- mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onTouchEvent(ev, 1);
- }
- boolean handled = false;
- if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(ev)) {
- final int action = ev.getAction();
- final int actionMasked = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK;
- // Handle an initial down.
- if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
- // Throw away all previous state when starting a new touch gesture.
- // The framework may have dropped the up or cancel event for the previous gesture
- // due to an app switch, ANR, or some other state change.
- cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev);
- resetTouchState();
- }
- // Check for interception.
- final boolean intercepted;
- if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
- || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
- final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
- if (!disallowIntercept) {
- //這裏判斷是否攔截點擊事件,如果攔截,則intercepted=true
- intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
- ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
- } else {
- intercepted = false;
- }
- } else {
- // There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down
- // so this view group continues to intercept touches.
- intercepted = true;
- }
- // Check for cancelation.
- final boolean canceled = resetCancelNextUpFlag(this)
- || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL;
- // Update list of touch targets for pointer down, if needed.
- final boolean split = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_SPLIT_MOTION_EVENTS) != 0;
- TouchTarget newTouchTarget = null;
- boolean alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = false;
- //這裏麵一大堆是派發事件到子View,如果intercepted是true,則直接跳過
- if (!canceled && !intercepted) {
- if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
- || (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN)
- || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
- final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex(); // always 0 for down
- final int idBitsToAssign = split ? 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex)
- : TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS;
- // Clean up earlier touch targets for this pointer id in case they
- // have become out of sync.
- removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToAssign);
- final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
- if (newTouchTarget == null && childrenCount != 0) {
- final float x = ev.getX(actionIndex);
- final float y = ev.getY(actionIndex);
- // Find a child that can receive the event.
- // Scan children from front to back.
- final View[] children = mChildren;
- final boolean customOrder = isChildrenDrawingOrderEnabled();
- for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
- final int childIndex = customOrder ?
- getChildDrawingOrder(childrenCount, i) : i;
- final View child = children[childIndex];
- if (!canViewReceivePointerEvents(child)
- || !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
- continue;
- }
- newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child);
- if (newTouchTarget != null) {
- // Child is already receiving touch within its bounds.
- // Give it the new pointer in addition to the ones it is handling.
- newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
- break;
- }
- resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);
- if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
- // Child wants to receive touch within its bounds.
- mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime();
- mLastTouchDownIndex = childIndex;
- mLastTouchDownX = ev.getX();
- mLastTouchDownY = ev.getY();
- //注意下麵兩句,如果有子View處理了點擊事件,則newTouchTarget會被賦值,
- //同時alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget也會為true,這兩個變量是直接影響下麵的代碼邏輯的。
- newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
- alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
- break;
- }
- }
- }
- if (newTouchTarget == null && mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
- // Did not find a child to receive the event.
- // Assign the pointer to the least recently added target.
- newTouchTarget = mFirstTouchTarget;
- while (newTouchTarget.next != null) {
- newTouchTarget = newTouchTarget.next;
- }
- newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
- }
- }
- }
- // Dispatch to touch targets.
- //這裏如果當前ViewGroup攔截了事件,或者其子View的onTouchEvent都返回了false,則事件會由ViewGroup處理
- if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
- // No touch targets so treat this as an ordinary view.
- //這裏就是ViewGroup對點擊事件的處理
- handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
- TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS);
- } else {
- // Dispatch to touch targets, excluding the new touch target if we already
- // dispatched to it. Cancel touch targets if necessary.
- TouchTarget predecessor = null;
- TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget;
- while (target != null) {
- final TouchTarget next = target.next;
- if (alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget && target == newTouchTarget) {
- handled = true;
- } else {
- final boolean cancelChild = resetCancelNextUpFlag(target.child)
- || intercepted;
- if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, cancelChild,
- target.child, target.pointerIdBits)) {
- handled = true;
- }
- if (cancelChild) {
- if (predecessor == null) {
- mFirstTouchTarget = next;
- } else {
- predecessor.next = next;
- }
- target.recycle();
- target = next;
- continue;
- }
- }
- predecessor = target;
- target = next;
- }
- }
- // Update list of touch targets for pointer up or cancel, if needed.
- if (canceled
- || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP
- || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
- resetTouchState();
- } else if (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP) {
- final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex();
- final int idBitsToRemove = 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex);
- removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToRemove);
- }
- }
- if (!handled && mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
- mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(ev, 1);
- }
- return handled;
- }
下麵再看ViewGroup對點擊事件的處理
Code:ViewGroup#dispatchTransformedTouchEvent
- /**
- * Transforms a motion event into the coordinate space of a particular child view,
- * filters out irrelevant pointer ids, and overrides its action if necessary.
- * If child is null, assumes the MotionEvent will be sent to this ViewGroup instead.
- */
- private boolean dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(MotionEvent event, boolean cancel,
- View child, int desiredPointerIdBits) {
- final boolean handled;
- // Canceling motions is a special case. We don't need to perform any transformations
- // or filtering. The important part is the action, not the contents.
- final int oldAction = event.getAction();
- if (cancel || oldAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) {
- event.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
- if (child == null) {
- //這裏就是ViewGroup對點擊事件的處理,其調用了View的dispatchTouchEvent方法
- handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
- } else {
- handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
- }
- event.setAction(oldAction);
- return handled;
- }
- // Calculate the number of pointers to deliver.
- final int oldPointerIdBits = event.getPointerIdBits();
- final int newPointerIdBits = oldPointerIdBits & desiredPointerIdBits;
- // If for some reason we ended up in an inconsistent state where it looks like we
- // might produce a motion event with no pointers in it, then drop the event.
- if (newPointerIdBits == 0) {
- return false;
- }
- // If the number of pointers is the same and we don't need to perform any fancy
- // irreversible transformations, then we can reuse the motion event for this
- // dispatch as long as we are careful to revert any changes we make.
- // Otherwise we need to make a copy.
- final MotionEvent transformedEvent;
- if (newPointerIdBits == oldPointerIdBits) {
- if (child == null || child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
- if (child == null) {
- handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
- } else {
- final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
- final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
- event.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);
- handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
- event.offsetLocation(-offsetX, -offsetY);
- }
- return handled;
- }
- transformedEvent = MotionEvent.obtain(event);
- } else {
- transformedEvent = event.split(newPointerIdBits);
- }
- // Perform any necessary transformations and dispatch.
- if (child == null) {
- handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
- } else {
- final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
- final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
- transformedEvent.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);
- if (! child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
- transformedEvent.transform(child.getInverseMatrix());
- }
- handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
- }
- // Done.
- transformedEvent.recycle();
- return handled;
- }
Code:View#dispatchTouchEvent
- /**
- * Pass the touch screen motion event down to the target view, or this
- * view if it is the target.
- *
- * @param event The motion event to be dispatched.
- * @return True if the event was handled by the view, false otherwise.
- */
- public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
- if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
- mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onTouchEvent(event, 0);
- }
- if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event)) {
- //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
- ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
- if (li != null && li.mOnTouchListener != null && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED
- && li.mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
- return true;
- }
- if (onTouchEvent(event)) {
- return true;
- }
- }
- if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
- mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(event, 0);
- }
- return false;
- }
3.無人處理的點擊事件
如果一個點擊事件,子View的onTouchEvent返回了false,則父View的onTouchEvent會被直接調用,以此類推。如果所有的View都不處理,則最終會由Activity來處理,這個時候,Activity的onTouchEvent會被調用。這個問題已經在1和2中做了說明。
最後更新:2017-04-03 12:55:35