新手RoR十分鍾初體驗Step By Step

1、安裝Ruby
Windows用戶去 https://rubyforge.org/ 的 https://rubyforge.org/projects/rubyinstaller/ 下載 One-Click Installer - Windows 安裝即可，最新版1.8.5-21

2、測試是否安裝成功
建議一個Test.rb文件，內容如下

在命令行下運行 ruby Test.rb ，注意安裝時%RUBY_HOME%/bin已經設置在你的PATH中了，檢查一下即可，運行正確的話就會顯示
Hello Ruby World.
結果出來

也可以啟動FreeRIDE，新建一個文件，保存，按F5就可以運行得到結果了。在FreeRIDE的Edit菜單==>Preferences...==>Debugger/Run的右邊，選中Run process in terminal，運行時可以打開新的窗口來查看，默認在FreeRIDE下麵顯示結果。

3、利用gem安裝其它模塊
在命令行下運行 gem install rails
安裝提示與結果
Install required dependency activesupport? [Yn]  y
Install required dependency activerecord? [Yn]  y
Install required dependency actionpack? [Yn]  y
Install required dependency actionmailer? [Yn]  y
Install required dependency actionwebservice? [Yn]  y
Successfully installed rails-1.1.6
Successfully installed activesupport-1.3.1
Successfully installed activerecord-1.14.4
Successfully installed actionpack-1.12.5
Successfully installed actionmailer-1.2.5
Successfully installed actionwebservice-1.1.6
Installing ri documentation for activesupport-1.3.1...
Installing ri documentation for activerecord-1.14.4...
Installing ri documentation for actionpack-1.12.5...
Installing ri documentation for actionmailer-1.2.5...
Installing ri documentation for actionwebservice-1.1.6...
Installing RDoc documentation for activesupport-1.3.1...
Installing RDoc documentation for activerecord-1.14.4...
Installing RDoc documentation for actionpack-1.12.5...
Installing RDoc documentation for actionmailer-1.2.5...
Installing RDoc documentation for actionwebservice-1.1.6...

再運行gem list檢查一下看是否安裝上去了，會有一堆列表顯示，新的也在裏麵，安裝前後各gem list一下，就可以對比得到以下結果

4、安裝後各模塊介紹
actionmailer (1.2.5) 郵件分發與測試模塊，類似Java裏的JavaMail的東東
actionpack (1.12.5) 類似於Web的MVC中的V與C
actionwebservice (1.1.6) Web Service支持
activerecord (1.14.4) ORM工具，類似Java中的Hibernate之類的
activesupport (1.3.1) Rails框架所依賴的一些基礎工具類
rails (1.1.6) Web應用框架Rails包含模板引擎，控製層及ORM

5、默認安裝後的模塊有
fxri (0.3.3)
    Graphical interface to the RI documentation, with search engine.
fxruby (1.6.1, 1.2.6)
    FXRuby is the Ruby binding to the FOX GUI toolkit.
log4r (1.0.5) 日誌庫，Java中就象Log4J或Jakarta的Commons-Logging
rake (0.7.1) 類似make的工具，Java中就象Ant或Maven
sources (0.0.1)
    This package provides download sources for remote gem installation
win32-clipboard (0.4.0)
    A package for interacting with the Windows clipboard
win32-dir (0.3.0)
    Extra constants and methods for the Dir class on Windows.
win32-eventlog (0.4.1)
    Interface for the MS Windows Event Log.
win32-file (0.5.2)
    Extra or redefined methods for the File class on Windows.
win32-file-stat (1.2.2)
    A File::Stat class tailored to MS Windows
win32-process (0.4.2)
    Adds fork, wait, wait2, waitpid, waitpid2 and a special kill method
win32-sapi (0.1.3)
    An interface to the MS SAPI (Sound API) library.
win32-sound (0.4.0)
    A package for playing with sound on Windows.
windows-pr (0.5.1)
    Windows functions and constants predefined via Win32API

6、創建Web應用
在命令行下運行 rails rorweb ，會在rorweb目錄下創建相應的一堆完整的Web應用的目錄結構，然後你應該做的就是寫你的程序了。
      create
      create  app/controllers
      create  app/helpers
      create  app/models
      create  app/views/layouts
      create  config/environments
      create  components
      create  db
      create  doc
      create  lib
      create  lib/tasks
      create  log
      create  public/images
      create  public/javascripts
      create  public/stylesheets
      create  script/performance
      create  script/process
      create  test/fixtures
      create  test/functional
      create  test/integration
      create  test/mocks/development
      create  test/mocks/test
      create  test/unit
      create  vendor
      create  vendor/plugins
      create  tmp/sessions
      create  tmp/sockets
      create  tmp/cache
      create  Rakefile
      create  README
      create  app/controllers/application.rb
      create  app/helpers/application_helper.rb
      create  test/test_helper.rb
      create  config/database.yml
      create  config/routes.rb
      create  public/.htaccess
      create  config/boot.rb
      create  config/environment.rb
      create  config/environments/production.rb
      create  config/environments/development.rb
      create  config/environments/test.rb
      create  script/about
      create  script/breakpointer
      create  script/console
      create  script/destroy
      create  script/generate
      create  script/performance/benchmarker
      create  script/performance/profiler
      create  script/process/reaper
      create  script/process/spawner
      create  script/runner
      create  script/server
      create  script/plugin
      create  public/dispatch.rb
      create  public/dispatch.cgi
      create  public/dispatch.fcgi
      create  public/404.html
      create  public/500.html
      create  public/index.html
      create  public/favicon.ico
      create  public/robots.txt
      create  public/images/rails.png
      create  public/javascripts/prototype.js
      create  public/javascripts/effects.js
      create  public/javascripts/dragdrop.js
      create  public/javascripts/controls.js
      create  public/javascripts/application.js
      create  doc/README_FOR_APP
      create  log/server.log
      create  log/production.log
      create  log/development.log
      create  log/test.log

7、啟動Web應用
進入rorweb目錄，運行 ruby script/server 啟動之，信息如下
=> Booting WEBrick...
=> Rails application started on https://0.0.0.0:3000
=> Ctrl-C to shutdown server; call with --help for options
[2006-11-25 08:47:44] INFO  WEBrick 1.3.1
[2006-11-25 08:47:44] INFO  ruby 1.8.4 (2006-04-14) [i386-mswin32]
[2006-11-25 08:47:44] INFO  WEBrick::HTTPServer#start: pid=2564 port=3000

默認webrick服務器啟用了3000端口，訪問一下 https://localhost:3000 ，打開後可以看到如下之類的信息。
Welcome aboard
You’re riding the Rails!
About your application’s environment
點擊查看：
Ruby version 1.8.4 (i386-mswin32)
RubyGems version 0.9.0
Rails version 1.1.6
Active Record version 1.14.4
Action Pack version 1.12.5
Action Web Service version 1.1.6
Action Mailer version 1.2.5
Active Support version 1.3.1
Application root X:/OpenSource/Ruby/rorweb
Environment development
Database adapter mysql

關於webrick服務器更多的信息可以訪問 https://www.webrick.org/

8、寫一個HelloRoR的Web程序
打開rorweb/app目錄，可以看到四個子目錄
controllers
helpers
models
views
一看就知道是什麼作用了吧：）

仍在rorweb目錄，運行 ruby script/generate controller HelloRoR 可以看到如下的創建信息
      exists  app/controllers/
      exists  app/helpers/
      create  app/views/hello_ro_r
      exists  test/functional/
      create  app/controllers/hello_ro_r_controller.rb
      create  test/functional/hello_ro_r_controller_test.rb
      create  app/helpers/hello_ro_r_helper.rb

打開 hello_ro_r_controller.rb 進行編輯，增加內容後全部如下：

訪問 https://localhost:3000/hello_ro_r/ 就可以看到Hello RoR World結果了
訪問 https://localhost:3000/hello_ro_r/rails 就可以看到Hello Rails結果了

注意是 hello_ro_r 不是HelloRoR，默認是小寫，並寫大小寫之間用_分隔了，要注意一下，如果要進行對應，就全部小寫建立應用，如：
運行 ruby script/generate controller helloror ，這樣就是生成 helloror_controller.rb 了，然後訪問 https://localhost:3000/helloror/ 了

其它：1.8.4與1.8.5的區別
1.8.4
win32-clipboard (0.4.0)
win32-eventlog (0.4.1)
win32-process (0.4.2)
windows-pr (0.5.1)
1.8.5
win32-clipboard (0.4.1)
win32-eventlog (0.4.2)
win32-process (0.5.1)
windows-pr (0.5.3, 0.5.1)

1.8.5的升級：gem install rails
Bulk updating Gem source index for: https://gems.rubyforge.org
Install required dependency activesupport? [Yn]  y
Install required dependency activerecord? [Yn]  y
Install required dependency actionpack? [Yn]  y
Install required dependency actionmailer? [Yn]  y
Install required dependency actionwebservice? [Yn]  y
Successfully installed rails-1.1.6
Successfully installed activesupport-1.3.1
Successfully installed activerecord-1.14.4
Successfully installed actionpack-1.12.5
Successfully installed actionmailer-1.2.5
Successfully installed actionwebservice-1.1.6
Installing ri documentation for activesupport-1.3.1...
While generating documentation for activesupport-1.3.1
... MESSAGE:   Unhandled special: Special: type=17, text="<!-- HI -->"
... RDOC args: --ri --op F:/OpenSource/RoR/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/doc/activesupport-1.3.1/ri --quiet lib
(continuing with the rest of the installation)
Installing ri documentation for activerecord-1.14.4...
Installing ri documentation for actionpack-1.12.5...
While generating documentation for actionpack-1.12.5
... MESSAGE:   Unhandled special: Special: type=17, text="<!-- The header part of this layout -->"
... RDOC args: --ri --op F:/OpenSource/RoR/Ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/doc/actionpack-1.12.5/ri --quiet lib
(continuing with the rest of the installation)
Installing ri documentation for actionmailer-1.2.5...
Installing ri documentation for actionwebservice-1.1.6...
Installing RDoc documentation for activesupport-1.3.1...
Installing RDoc documentation for activerecord-1.14.4...
Installing RDoc documentation for actionpack-1.12.5...
Installing RDoc documentation for actionmailer-1.2.5...
Installing RDoc documentation for actionwebservice-1.1.6...

9、中文截取問題測試
https://my.opera.com/sawpad/blog/show.dml/235183
從以上地址拿到程序放到 rorweb/lib/ 目錄下

ruby 代碼

記得JavaEye上線時也是亂碼問題，現在解決了的，原來我給Robbin寫過用JavaScript來解決亂碼的問題，不知道Robbin後來如何解決的，搜了一下，沒有發現解決方案？